| 摘要: |
| 为研究褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)发育早期氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成及变化规律,采用GC/MS法等方法分析了褐菖鲉的受精卵、初产仔鱼、前仔鱼期和后仔鱼期四个阶段的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成特点及其含量变化。结果表明:(1)总氨基酸含量从受精卵至初产仔鱼显著下降、前仔鱼期又显著回升、至后仔鱼期再次呈显著下降(P<0.05); (2)总游离氨基酸量以初产仔鱼最高,是受精卵的10倍,各期的游离氨基酸占总氨基酸比值为1.4%-20.0%; (3)受精卵中以DHA、C16:0两者实际含量最高,分别为104.88 mg/g和68.74 mg/g,C18:1n-9和EPA次之,分别为41.23 mg/g和27.23 mg/g; (4)褐菖鲉内源性营养阶段被选择性消耗的主要脂肪酸依次为C16:0> C18:1> EPA> DHA> ARA,就脂肪酸的利用率而言MUFA> SFA> PUFA; (5)褐菖鲉仔鱼在开口后的外源营养阶段对脂肪酸的利用率为PUFA> SFA> MUFA,其中DHA相对EPA和ARA被选择性消耗。研究表明,褐菖鲉受精卵的游离氨基酸/总氨基酸比值符合海水鱼类沉性卵的特征,褐菖鲉在早期发育不同阶段对脂肪酸消耗具有不同的选择性,C16:1、C16:0、C18:0和C18:1是褐菖鲉早期发育的主要能源物质,在褐菖鲉开口饵料中添加一定水平的异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸等氨基酸及高度不饱和脂肪酸DHA等是十分必要的。 |
| 关键词: 褐菖鲉 受精卵 仔鱼 氨基酸 脂肪酸 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20151000273 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:浙江省科技厅创新团队项目,2010R50025号;宁波市重大科技专项,2015C110003号。 |
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| COMPOSITION AND VARIATION OF AMINO ACID AND FATTY ACID IN FERTILIZED EGGS AND LARVAE OF SEBASTISCUS MARMORATUS IN DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES |
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Guochunyang,linshaozhen,gongjianhua,qiuchenggong and xushanliang
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School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China,Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, 325000 China,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate amino acids and fatty acid composition and changes of Sebastiscus marmoratus in different development stages. Amino acids and fatty acid composition of the fish in four stages (fertilized eggs, first larvae fish, prophase larvae fish, and late stage larvae fish) were analyzed in GC/MS. Five results were followed. (1) The total amino acid content decreased significantly from fertilized eggs to first larvae fish stage, then increased significantly during prophase larvae fish stage, and finally decreased significantly again in late stage larvae fish (P<0.05). (2) The total amount of free amino acids during first larvae fish was the highest among the four stages, which was 10 times of the fertilized eggs. The ratio of free amino acids each stage was 1.4%-20.0%. (3) The maximum content was DHA (104.88 mg/g) and C16:0 (68.74 mg/g) in fertilized eggs, followed by C18:1n-9 (41.23 mg/g) and EPA (27.23 mg/g). (4) The main fatty acid selective consumed during endogenous vegetative stage of S. marmoratus was in the sequence of C16:0> C18:1> EPA> DHA> ARA, and MUFA> SFA> PUFA for the utilization of fatty acid. (5) The fatty acid utilization was in sequence of PUFA>SFA>MUFA during exogenous vegetative stage after weaning larvae, of which DHA was selectively consumed compared to EPA and ARA. We found that the ratio of free amino acid in the fertilized eggs accorded with features of demersal eggs of marine fishes, showing different selectivity when the fish consumed fatty acid during different early development stages. C16:1, C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 are main energy substances during early development stage. Therefore, it is necessary to enrich the diet with a certain level of amino acids, such as isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, etc. as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids DHA. |
| Key words: Sebastiscus marmoratus fertilized eggs larvae amino acid fatty acid |
