| 摘要: |
| 波浪破碎是一个强非线性过程，破碎时产生的大量气泡在海面上表现为白冠，白冠覆盖率是刻画波浪破碎一个重要参数。研究表明，白冠覆盖率与海上风速、海浪状态和大气稳定度等多种海洋环境因素有关。综合前人的观测数据，本文给出了更为可靠的依赖风速的白冠覆盖率公式，发现海水温度越高，白冠覆盖率越大。提出了以波浪破碎耗散函数为参数的白冠覆盖率公式，同时发现波龄小于某个临界值时，白冠覆盖率随波龄增大，波龄大于临界值时，白冠覆盖率保持不变，该临界值随风速增大而减小。 |
| 关键词: 白冠覆盖率 风速 海水温度 破碎耗散函数 波龄 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20171100284 |
| 分类号:P731.22 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目，41276015号；海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目，201505007号；国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府海洋科学研究中心联合资助项目，U1406401号。 |
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| THE EFFECTS OF MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON WHITECAP COVERAGE AND ITS NUMERICAL ESTIMATION |
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WANG Ya-Nan1, ZHAO Dong-Liang1,2
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1.College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;2.Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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| Abstract: |
| Wave breaking is a strongly non-linear process. A whitecap is a surface signature of breaking wave and air entrainment processes and is an important parameter to describe wave breaking. Previous studies show that, a whitecap coverage associates with many environmental factors including wind speed, the state of wind waves, atmospheric stability, etc. Based on previous field observational data, we developed a more reliable parameterization method between whitecap coverage and wind speed and proposed an idea that the higher the seawater temperature is, the larger the whitecap coverage is. The parameterization contains a dissipation term. Meanwhile, we find that a whitecap coverage increases with a growing wave age when wave age is below a certain threshold value and remains constant when wave age exceeds the threshold. The threshold value decreases with increasing wind speed. |
| Key words: whitecap coverage wind speed sea surface temperature dissipation term of wave breaking wave age |
