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| 不同产地浒苔对幼刺参生长、消化和非特异性免疫的影响 |
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杨心愿1,2,3,4, 林承刚1,2,4, 宋肖跃1,2,3,4, 孙景春1,2,4, 杨红生1,2,4
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1.中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 青岛 266237;3.中国科学院大学 北京 100049;4.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究不同产地浒苔型饵料对幼刺参生长、消化和非特异性免疫的影响，本实验将青岛浒苔与宁波浒苔的干粉与海泥分别按一定质量比例混合，开展刺参饲喂实验，并与刺参天然饵料马尾藻进行对比。结果表明，青岛浒苔饵料和马尾藻饵料喂养的刺参的粗蛋白含量分别为14.31%±0.10%和15.43%±1.41%，显著高于宁波浒苔饵料（11.17%±0.63%），粗脂肪和灰分含量无显著差异；青岛浒苔组、宁波浒苔组和马尾藻组的增重率分别为22.65%±5.68%、3.03%±1.17%和20.47%±2.01%，特定生长率分别为（1.44±0.33）、（0.21±0.08）、（1.33±0.12）%/d，青岛浒苔组和马尾藻组刺参的增重率和特定生长率显著高于宁波浒苔组；青岛浒苔组、宁波浒苔组和马尾藻组刺参肠道淀粉酶、胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和纤维素酶活力无显著差异；马尾藻组刺参体腔液碱性磷酸酶活力为（17.57±4.56）金氏单位/100mL，显著高于青岛浒苔组[（5.56±1.32）金氏单位/100mL]和宁波浒苔组[（2.83±0.75）金氏单位/100mL]，超氧化物歧化酶和酸性磷酸酶活力无显著差异。由此可见，绿潮暴发时，通过打捞浒苔用以配制刺参饵料，既有助于缓解绿潮的生态灾害，又能够补充刺参饵料来源，具有广阔的生态效益和市场前景，但是其营养成分影响因素较为复杂，配制饵料时应充分考虑不同品种、采集时间和生长地点的差异，并通过一些前处理手段充分发挥浒苔的饵料价值。 |
| 关键词: 绿潮 浒苔 刺参 生长 消化 非特异性免疫 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180200034 |
| 分类号:S968.9 |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）资助，XDA11020700号；鳌山科技创新计划项目资助，2016ASKJ02号；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目资助，41606171号；青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室创新团队项目资助，LMEES-CTSP-2018-1号。 |
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| EFFECTS OF ULVA PROLIFERA FROM DIFFERENT SITES ON GROWTH, DIGESTION AND NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY OF JUVENILE SEA CUCUMBER (APOSTICHOPUS JAPONICUS) |
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YANG Xin-Yuan1,2,3,4, LIN Cheng-Gang1,2,4, SONG Xiao-Yue1,2,3,4, SUN Jing-Chun1,2,4, YANG Hong-Sheng1,2,4
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of diets containing Ulva prolifera from different sites on the growth, digestibility, digestive enzymes, and non-specific immunity enzymes of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas. The diets were composed of a dry powder of U. prolifera from Qingdao (QD) and Ningbo (NB), and each mixed with sea mud at a certain mass ratio, The QD group and NB group were compared with the sea cucumber feeding on a natural diet (ND) of Sargassum sp. Results show that the crude protein contents of QD group and ND group were 14.31%±0.10% and 15.43%±1.41%, significantly higher than that of NB group (11.17%±0.63%). Crude fats and ash contents had no significant difference among the three groups. The weight gain rates of DQ, NB, and ND groups were 22.65%±5.68%, 3.03%±1.17% and 20.47%±2.01%, and the specific growth rates (1.44±0.33)%/d, (0.21±0.08)%/d, and (1.33±0.12)%/d, respectively. The weight gain rates and specific growth rates of QD and ND were significantly higher than NB. The survival rates showed no significant difference among the three groups. Amylase, pepsase, cellulose, and trypsin activities were also similar among the three groups. Alkaline phosphatase activity of ND group was (17.57±4.56) King's unit/100mL, significantly higher than QD[(5.56±1.32) King's unit/100mL] and NB[(2.83±0.75) King's unit/100mL] groups. Superoxide dismutase and acid phosphatase activities of sea cucumbers were similar among the three groups. Therefore, making use of U. prolifera in its bloom as a sea cucumber bait resource could not only mitigate the environmental hazard of the green tide but also increase ecological and market values. However, the nutrient levels of U. prolifera depends on complex factors. The variety, collection time, and site position of U. prolifera should be considered. Some pretreatments are suggested to maximize the bait value of U. prolifera. |
| Key words: green tide Ulva prolifera Apostichopus japonicas growth digestion non-specific immune |