| 摘要: |
| 本研究于2015年在黑龙江省镜泊湖选取7个典型采样点，对镜泊湖春、夏两季间浮游生物群落结构的演替及其与环境因子关系进行分析。在调查期间共鉴定浮游植物152个分类单位，浮游动物38个分类单位，种类组成上浮游植物主要以绿藻门和硅藻门藻类为主，浮游动物以轮虫和原生动物为主。研究期间浮游生物优势种主要包括：河生集星藻（Actinastrum fluviatile（Schroed.）Fott）、梅尼小环藻（Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz.）、谷皮菱形藻（Nitzschia palea（Kütz.）W.Smith）、前节晶囊轮虫（Asplanchna priodonta）、螺形龟甲轮虫（Keratella cochlearis）和瓶砂壳虫（Difflugia urceolata）。在研究期间水温、pH、电导率、和总氮在春、夏两季之间变化明显（P<0.05或P<0.01）。春、夏两季的浮游生物丰度呈现明显下降趋势（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析揭示镜泊湖水体浮游生物丰度与水温和电导率极其显著相关（P<0.01）。冗余分析（RDA）表明，水温和电导率是驱动镜泊湖水体浮游生物群落生态分布的主要环境因子。与近10余年间镜泊湖相关研究对比发现，镜泊湖水体浮游植物群落结构较为稳定，浮游动物优势类群略有改变。综合营养状态指数评价表明镜泊湖水体为中营养状态，与前期研究结果相似，说明水体目前无进一步恶化的趋势。 |
| 关键词: 镜泊湖 浮游生物 群落结构 环境 冗余分析(RDA) |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180200040 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，31470308号，31870187号；哈尔滨师范大学研究生培养质量提升工程项目。 |
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| PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN JINGPO LAKE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS |
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CAI Yang, LU Xin-Xin, BA Qiu-Shuang, FAN Ya-Wen
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College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
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| Abstract: |
| Jingpo Lake is a freshwater located in the southernmost part of Northeast China (43°45'-44°03'N, 128°48'-129°03'E). The lake is a drinking water source at the headwaters of the Mudan River. Although studies of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the lake increased in recent years, the relationship between plankton and environmental factors, and the ability to indicate the nutrient status of the water mass remain to be understood deeply. Therefore, studies of the plankton community in different seasons are necessary. We scrutinized the plankton composition, diversity, and eight environmental factors in spring (May) and summer (July), in which 152 phytoplankton taxa and 38 zooplankton taxa were identified. Plankton community mainly consisted of Chlorophyta, Diatom, Rotifera, and Protozoa. The dominated species were Actinastrum fluviatile (Schroed.) Fott, Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz., Nitzschia palea (Kütz.) W. Smith, Asplanchna priodonta, Keratella cochlearis, and Difflugia urceolata. Quantitative analysis revealed that the plankton abundance has been descended (P<0.05) in recent years. The water temperature (WT), pH, SpCond (specific conductance), and TN (total nitrogen) presented significant seasonal differences (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The relationship between plankton community and eight environmental factors were calculated in the Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis. Multivariable statistics analysis showed that the plankton community structure was clearly affected by WT and SpCond. SpCond was a key factor on phytoplankton community composition in most of the sampling sties in spring, while WT mainly affected the zooplankton community composition in summer. The results highlight the importance of plankton community as an indicator to the environmental change in temperate zone lakes. In addition, the phytoplankton composition remained quite stable in the past 10 years but a slight change in the zooplankton community. The lake was in mesotrophic status as indicated by the comprehensive trophic state index (TLI). Therefore, no deterioration trend of water quality was found at present. |
| Key words: Jingpo Lake plankton community structure environment redundancy analysis (RDA) |
