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| 大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)不同发育阶段视蛋白基因表达特征研究 |
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王雨浓1,2,3,4, 李贤1,2,3, 吴乐乐1,2,3,4, 周莉1,2,3,4, 马晓娜1,2,3, 李军1,2,3
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所 中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室 青岛 266071;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 视网膜视蛋白组成是动物识别光强与颜色视觉的基础，其会随着不同生长环境和发育阶段而发生变化。大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）为重要的海水养殖鱼种，在发育过程中经历了从浮游生活到底栖生活的转变；生活习性的转变伴随着生存环境的变化，尤其是光照环境的变化。我们推测大菱鲆光照感知功能包括视蛋白种类及表达模式等，在不同阶段应有所不同，目前未见相关研究报道。本研究以1、4和9月龄大菱鲆为研究对象，通过qRT-PCR探查了不同阶段大菱鲆视蛋白基因表达的特征规律，通过分析三个发育阶段的视蛋白基因表达比例，推测鱼体光谱敏感性变化规律。结果表明，红视蛋白（LWS）基因表达量随鱼体发育逐渐降低，视紫红质（RH1）、紫外视蛋白（SWS1）和蓝视蛋白（SWS2）随鱼体发育表达量逐渐升高，而绿视蛋白（RH2）中高表达的RH2b1无显著变化。LWS表达比例由1月龄57.2%降至九月龄11.4%，RH2b1表达比例由1月龄29.9%升至九月龄73.3%。随着大菱鲆由早期浮游生活转入底栖生活，表达占主导地位的视蛋白，逐渐由LWS转变为RH2b1，其光谱敏感性可能由红色敏感向绿色敏感转变。大菱鲆视蛋白在不同发育阶段表达的特征变化引发的光谱敏感性变化，可认为是其对不同光环境的适应策略。 |
| 关键词: 大菱鲆 视蛋白 发育阶段表达特征 光谱敏感性 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20190800159 |
| 分类号:Q955;S965 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发项目，2017YFB0404000号；山东省重点研发项目，2018GHY115031号；广东省重点研发计划项目，2019B020215001号；现代农业产业技术体系国家海水鱼体系，CARS-47号。 |
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| EXPRESSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPSIN GENES IN DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF SCOPHTHALMUS MAXIMUS |
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WANG Yu-Nong1,2,3,4, LI Xian1,2,3, WU Le-Le1,2,3,4, ZHOU Li1,2,3,4, MA Xiao-Na1,2,3, LI Jun1,2,3
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of S ciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| Abstract: |
| Opsin plays a critical role in scotopic and color vision, and teleosts show a great variety in visual opsin complement and expression pattern. Turbot Scophthalmus maximus is one of the important aquacultural species. However, little is known about its visual sensitivity in detail. To evaluate ontogenic changes in visual sensitivity, we investigated the opsin gene expression in juvenile turbot with quantitative RT-PCR. The results show that opsin gene expression of turbot had a significant change:the main "green-sensitive" opsin gene subtype (RH2b1) was expressed at a constant level, whereas the expression of "red-sensitive" opsin gene (LWS) decreased, and that of "ultraviolet-sensitive" opsin gene SWS1, "blue-sensitive" opsin gene SWS2, and "dim-light sensitive" rhodopsin gene RH1 increased during the ontogenic development. By calculating the proportional expression level, we found that the dominant one shifted from LWS to RH2b1, meaning that the visual sensitivity shifted from red to green during the development. Our results indicate the dramatic shift in visual sensitivity, which is caused by heterochronic opsin expression in turbot, would be an adaptive way to benthic life. |
| Key words: Scophthalmus maximus opsin heterochronic expression visual sensitivity |