| 摘要: |
| 为研究空心梯形台人工鱼礁体布设间距的变化对其水动力特性的影响，通过物模实验实测了开口比为0.1的梯形台人工鱼礁体在平行水流方向布设间距为1.0L、2.0L、3.0L（L为礁体的底边边长），前后共6个测点的流速及礁体受力。分析得到了双礁体的上升流规模、阻力系数在平行和垂直水流方向随布设间距变化的规律。采用计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）方法模拟了双礁体分别在垂直水流方向布设间距为0.5L、1.0L、1.5L、2.0L，平行水流方向布设间距为0.5L、1.0L、2.0L、3.0L、4.0L时的水动力场。结果表明：本研究数模与物模相同工况下，即双礁体在平行水流方向布设间距1.0L、2.0L、3.0L时，数值模拟的流速值和阻力值与相应的实验结果吻合较好，说明数值模拟方法可行，结果可靠。数值模拟结果得到双礁体的上升流规模、阻力系数均与垂直水流方向布设间距成反比。当垂直水流方向布设间距为0.5L时，流场效应最佳；双礁体的上升流规模随平行水流方向布设间距成正比，前方礁体阻力系数变化幅度较小，后方礁体阻力系数逐渐增大；当平行水流方向布设间距为4.0L时，流场效应最佳。本文研究结果可为单位鱼礁布局设计和参数确定提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 人工鱼礁 物模实验 数值模拟 布设间距 流场效应 阻力系数 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20191000190 |
| 分类号:S953.1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目，51739010号。 |
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| TRAPEZOID ARTIFICIAL REEFS IN DIFFERENT DEPLOYMENT SPACING: PHYSICAL AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS |
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YU Ding-Yong, ZHAO Wei, WANG Feng-Yu, Wang Shi-Lin
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College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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| Abstract: |
| To study the influence of the distance between a pair of trapezoid hollow artificial reefs on their hydrodynamic characteristics, the velocity and stress of the six measuring points were measured in a physical experiment in 1.0L, 2.0L, and 3.0L (L is the bottom side length of the trapezoid reef). Variations in the upwelling scale and drag coefficient of the two reefs in the direction of flow and in the perpendicular direction were obtained. The CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)method was used to simulate numerically the hydrodynamic field of the two reefs at the spacing of 0.5L, 1.0L, 1.5L, and 2.0L in the perpendicular direction and 0.5L, 1.0L, 2.0L, 3.0L, and 4.0L in the flow direction. Results show that under the same conditions of numerical model and physical model, in the flow direction in spacing at 1.0L, 2.0L, and 3.0L, the flow velocity and resistance values of the numerical simulation agreed well with the corresponding physical experimental results, showing that the numerical simulation was feasible and the results were reliable. On the other hand, the numerical simulation results show that in the perpendicular direction, the upwelling scale and the drag coefficient were inversely proportional to the spacing, and effect was the best at 0.5L; while in the flow direction, the upwelling scale was proportional to the spacing, the drag coefficient changed slightly in the front of reefs, while increased gradually in the rear of reefs; and best effect at 4.0L. The results of this paper can provide a reference for reef layout design and parameter determination. |
| Key words: artificial reefs physical model test numerical simulation deployment spacing flow field effect drag coefficient |
