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| 东南沿海台风风暴潮增水过程中非线性机制和地形的作用研究:以1509号台风“灿鸿”为例 |
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张西琳1, 楚栋栋1, 张继才1, 车助镁2, 李春雁3
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1.浙江大学海洋学院 物理海洋与遥感研究所 舟山 316000;2.浙江省自然资源厅海洋监测预报中心 杭州 310000;3.Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA 70803
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| 摘要: |
| 本文基于FVCOM（Finite Volume Community Ocean Model）构建了一个覆盖中国渤海、黄海和东海的数值模型，采用NCEP-CFSR风场数据对1509号台风“灿鸿”产生的风暴潮进行模拟，与实测水位数据的对比表明该模型可靠、模拟结果合理。基于此模型，本文对非线性作用和地形在风暴潮增水过程中的作用进行了研究。首先，重点分析了增水过程中潮汐与风暴潮的非线性作用，结果表明：高潮时非线性作用使增水值降低；低潮时非线性作用使增水值升高。另外，开边界处分别只添加M2、S2和K1分潮，分析天文潮的潮高和周期对非线性作用的影响，结果表明：潮高越高，非线性作用越明显；半日潮的非线性作用较全日潮更明显；并且，增水极值附近出现的半日周期的波动也与非线性作用有关。其次，除了非线性作用，地形对风暴潮的增水也有一定影响，本文改变地形的实验结果表明：坡度越大，增水极值越小。琉球群岛的存在使得东南沿海出现风暴潮增水的面积减小，但使得风暴潮增水的高值区域扩大。 |
| 关键词: 风暴潮 FVCOM(Finite Volume Community Ocean Model) 非线性作用 地形 渤黄东海 台风灿鸿 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20191200279 |
| 分类号:P733 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”重点专项，2017YFA0604100号；国家重点研发计划“海洋环境安全保障”重点专项，2017YFC1404000号；国家自然科学基金，41876086号。 |
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| EFFECTS OF NONLINEAR TERMS AND TOPOGRAPHY ON STORM SURGES IN THE SOUTHEAST SEAS OF CHINA: A CASE STUDY OF TYPHOON CHAN-HOM |
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ZHANG Xi-Lin1, CHU Dong-Dong1, ZHANG Ji-Cai1, CHE Zhu-Mei2, LI Chun-Yan3
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1.Institute of Physical Oceanography, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China;2.The Ocean and Fisheries Bureau, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China;3.Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, Louisiana, USA
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| Abstract: |
| Based on FVCOM (Finite Volume Community Ocean Model), we constructed a numerical model covering the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and the East China Sea. NCEP data were used to drive the model to simulate the storm surge generated by typhoon Chan-hom. The model was calibrated by in-situ observations of water level at total gauge stations. Based on this model, the nonlinear terms and topographical effects on the modelling of storm surges were studied. The tide-surge interaction during storm surge process was analyzed. The results show that the tide-surge interaction can suppress the storm surge at the climax of astronomical tide and help the growth of storm surge at the ebb of astronomical tide. M2 tide, S2 tide, and K1 tide were added respectively to analyze the influence of amplitude and period of tide on the nonlinear reaction. The results indicate that the higher the height of tide is, the more obvious the nonlinear effect is. The nonlinear reaction of semidiurnal tide is more significant than that of the diurnal tide. In addition, the semidiurnal fluctuation which appeared near the peak-value time was also related to the tide-surge interaction. According to the numerical results, the topography also has a certain impact on storm surge. The steeper the slope is, the lower the peak water level is. The existence of the Ryukyu Islands reduced the area of storm surge on the southeast coast, but expanded the area of high value of storm surge. |
| Key words: storm surge FVCOM nonlinear terms topography Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas typhoon Chan-hom |