| 摘要: |
| 为研究厚壳贻贝（Mytilus coruscus）生长海域微生物群落的结构与多样性特征，初步探究海域微生物群落及共生菌对贻贝生长的影响，分别采集舟山市东极镇庙子湖岛和嵊泗县枸杞岛厚壳贻贝养殖区和野生生长区海水样品，利用16S rRNA扩增子测序技术，比较分析不同海域微生物群落的组成及丰度特征以及微生物群落的差异；同时对厚壳贻贝体内的微生物进行了初步的分离鉴定。研究结果显示，嵊泗厚壳贻贝野生生长海域10 m水深的微生物丰富度显著大于5 m水深，东极厚壳贻贝养殖区海域10 m水深微生物丰富度也而明显大于5 m水深。东极和嵊泗厚壳贻贝的生长海域形成了较为稳定微生物群落结构，嵊泗海域主要优势菌群为十八杆菌属Octadecabacter、假交替单胞菌属Pseudoalteromonas、厌氧氨氧化菌属Candidatus_Portiera、沉积物陆丹氏菌属Loktanella和弧菌Vibrio；东极海域主要优势菌群为厌氧氨氧化菌属Candidatus_Portiera、海洋氨氧化古菌属Nitrosopumilus、蓝细菌聚球藻属Synechococcus和弧菌属Vibrio。PCA分析结果表明东极和嵊泗两个海域的厚壳贻贝野生生长区的微生物群落相似度明显低于养殖区的微生物群落相似度，且这种差异在嵊泗海域尤为明显。同时在贻贝体内分离出了假交替单胞菌、黏着杆菌以及弧菌，而这三种菌在海水样品中也大量存在，由此可初步判定这三类细菌能够随水流进入贻贝体内，并可能对贻贝的附着、生长以及防病等生理功能产生一定的影响。 |
| 关键词: 16S rRNA 厚壳贻贝 生长海域 微生物群落 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20200700217 |
| 分类号:Q938.2 |
| 基金项目:浙江省属高校基本科研业务费（一般），2019J00041号；舟山市科技项目，2019F12004号；国家自然科学基金国际（地区）合作与交流项目，42020104009号；国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项，2019YFD0901305号。 |
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| COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MICROBIAL COMMUNITY IN MUSSEL MYTILUS CORUSCUS BODY AND SEAWATER OF ITS NATURAL AND CULTURAL SEA AREA IN ZHOUSHAN, ZHEJIANG |
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LI Si-Yuan1, HE Zhi-Jiang1, LYU Hong-Yue1, TANG Qiu-Han1, LIAO Zhi1, WANG Jian-Xin1, YAN Xiao-Jun1,2, ZHANG Xiao-Lin1,2
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1.School of Ocean Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
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| Abstract: |
| To understand the structure and diversity of planktonic community in the natural and farming sea areas of Mytilus coruscus in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang, East China, and to explore the relationship between endosymbiotic bacteria and M. coruscus, seawater samples were collected at the depths of 5m and 10m in the natural and cultural inhabiting areas in Miaozihu Island, Dongji Town, and Gouqi Island, Shengsi County, in the eastern Zhejiang Province. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology was used. The compositions of microbial community in the sampled M. coruscus were analyzed. Results show that the microbial richness was the greatest at 10 m depth in the wild growth sea area of Shengsi and at 10 m depth in the cultural area in Dongji Island. The microbial community structure was formed in the farming areas of Dongji and Shengsi were relatively stable and diversified. The dominant flora in Shengsi area included Octadecabacter, Pseudoalteromonas, Candidatus_Portiera, Loktanella, and Vibrio, while that in Dongji area were Candidatus Portiera, Nitrosopumilus, Synechococcus, and Vibrio. PCA results show that the similarity of microbial communities in the Dongji and Shengsi areas was significantly lower in the natural growth areas than in the farming areas, particularly in the Shengsi sea area. Meanwhile, Pseudoalteromonas, Tenacibaculum, and Vibrio were isolated from the mussel tissues, and in seawater samples as well. It was preliminarily speculated that the microorganisms in these environments were enriched in mussels and had a certain symbiotic relationship with the M. coruscus. This study deepened the understanding of the microbial communities associated with the M. coruscus, and provided a scientific basis for disease prevention and healthy mariculture of the M. coruscus. |
| Key words: 16S rRNA Mytilus coruscus sea area microbial community |
