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| 四种不同饵料对真蛸(Octopus vulgaris)生长与肠道微生物影响的研究 |
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骆启豪1,2, 王卫军1,3,4, 倪乐海5, 景福涛5, 许贺4, 李赞3, 李彬3,6, 杨建敏1,3,6
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1.上海海洋大学 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心 上海 201306;2.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 烟台 264006;3.鲁东大学农学院 烟台 264025;4.江苏宝源生物科技有限公司 连云港 222100;5.山东省渔业技术推广站 济南 250013;6.烟台海育海洋科技有限公司 烟台 264000
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究分析了不同饵料对真蛸（Octopus vulgaris）生长与肠道微生物的影响。实验采用4种饵料：蓝点马鲛（鱼组）、天津厚蟹（蟹组）、四角蛤蜊（贝组）和日本枪乌贼（鱿鱼组）分别投喂真蛸，分析了各实验组真蛸的日均摄食量、特定生长率、饵料转化率、经济效益比，以及饵料对肠道微生物菌群结构和多样性的影响。实验结果表明：在生长性能指标方面，贝组的日均摄食量最高，而饵料转化率低于鱼组与蟹组；鱼组与蟹组的日均摄食量差异不大，但蟹组真蛸的特定生长率和饵料转化率高于其他三组且经济效益最佳；鱿鱼组的日均摄食量、特定生长率、饵料转化率和经济效益比均低于其他三组。在真蛸肠道微生物群落的丰富度与多样性方面，鱼组均高于其他各组，而鱿鱼组的丰富度最低；在门水平上，软壁菌门、螺旋体门、变形菌门等10个门为真蛸的优势菌群；在属水平上，摄食率最大的贝组真蛸肠道菌群中的支原体、乳球菌等11种菌为优势菌群，特定生长率最大的蟹组中真蛸肠道菌群中的弧菌、小纺锤状菌等5种菌为优势菌群。综合不同饵料对真蛸生长性能指标和肠道菌群的影响，认为蟹类是真蛸理想的饵料。 |
| 关键词: 真蛸(Octopus vulgaris) 饵料 生长性能 肠道微生物 16S rDNA |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20200900259 |
| 分类号:S968 |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金，CARS-49号；江苏省“双创人才”计划，2020.09—2023.12；江苏省连云港市“花果山英才”计划，2019.12—2022.12。 |
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| EFFECTS OF FOUR DIFFERENT DIETS ON GROWTH AND INTESTINAL MICROORGANISMS OF COMMON OCTOPUS (OCTOPUS VULGARIS) |
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LUO Qi-Hao1,2, WANG Wei-Jun1,3,4, NI Le-Hai5, JING Fu-Tao5, XU He4, LI Zan3, LI Bin3,6, YANG Jian-Min1,3,6
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1.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2.Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;3.School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;4.Jiangsu Baoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222100, China;5.Shandong Fishery Technology Extension Station, Jinan 250013, China;6.Yantai Haiyu Ocean Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
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| Abstract: |
| Octopus vulgaris is one of the most important commercial cephalopods and widely distributes in southeast China. Featured with strong environmental adaptability, rich nutrition, fast growth, wide spectrum of bait, and high conversion rate, O. vulgaris has become one of the best-selling aquatic products in China and other countries. In this study, we explored the effects of four diets on the growth and intestinal microorganisms of O. vulgaris. The four diets were Scomberomorus niphonius (fish group), Helice tridens tientsinensis (crab group), Mactra veneriformis (clam group), and Loligo japonica (squid group). The average daily food intake, specific growth rate, diet conversion rate, and economic benefit ratio of each group were analyzed. The intestinal contents of O. vulgaris of each group were detected. Results show that the clam group had the highest average daily food intake, while the diet conversion rate was lower than that of the fish group and the crab group. There was a little difference in the average daily food intake between the fish group and the crab group, whereas the crab group had the highest specific growth rate and diet conversion rate. The crab group had the best economic benefits ratio. The average daily food intake, specific growth rate, diet conversion rate, and economic benefit ratio of the squid group were the lowest. The abundance and diversity of the intestinal microbial community of O. vulgaris in the fish group were the highest. Ten phyla including Tenericutes, Spirochaetes, Proteobacteria, etc. were the dominant bacterial phyla in O. vulgaris. Eleven genera including Mycoplasma, Lactococcus etc., were the dominant bacterial genera in the clam group with the highest average daily food intake. Five bacterium species including Vibrio, Fusibacter, etc. were the dominant bacterial species in the crab group with the highest specific growth rate. In overall, crabs are ideal diet of O. vulgaris in terms of growth performance and intestinal microorganisms. |
| Key words: Octopus vulgaris diet growth performance intestinal microorganism 16S rDNA |