| 摘要: |
| 传统研究结果表明水母的捕食者很少，认为它是海洋食物网的死胡同，但是越来越多的研究表明水母存在于很多生物的胃中。为研究生态系统中水母的上层营养级状况以及水母种群动态变化的捕食性影响机制，以黑鲷为研究对象，通过室内实验，研究了黑鲷对海月水母不同发育期的摄食情况。研究结果表明：黑鲷对海月水母各发育期的摄食情况不尽相同，黑鲷无法直接摄食附着在波纹板上的水螅体；黑鲷对碟状体的摄食是吞食性的，15℃条件下黑鲷对碟状体的摄食率最大可达到（15.487±1.150）ind./（g·d）；黑鲷对小水母体的摄食是吞食性的，对较大水母体的摄食是蚕食性的，这种摄食能力受自身体长大小和水母伞径大小的双重影响，随着体长的增加，黑鲷能摄食更大伞径的海月水母；黑鲷对给定伞径海月水母的摄食能力存在阈值，增大水母密度，不会导致黑鲷摄食量的增加；高密度下黑鲷更倾向于摄食水母体口腕部分。研究结果为理解海月水母碟状体的高死亡率提供了可能性新认知，为理解胶质类在海洋生态系统中的消亡提供了理论。 |
| 关键词: 水螅体 碟状体 幼水母体 摄食 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20210300072 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划,2017YFC1404405号;山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项,2018SDKJ0504-3号;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类),XDA11060203号;国家自然科学基金项目,42076166号。 |
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| INGESTION OF LARGE JELLYFISH AURELIA COERULEA BY BLACK SEA BREAM ACANTHOPAGRUS SCHLEGELII |
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LI Dong-Chen1,2,3,4, ZHANG Fang1,2,3,4
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| Jellyfish are voracious predators and they have historically often been viewed as the trophic dead ends. However, this view has been challenged in more and more studies recently. To study the upper trophic level of jellyfish in the ecosystem and the mechanism of predation on jellyfish population, the characteristics of ingestion of on moon fish Aurelia coerulea by black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii was experimentally studied. All the life stages (polyp, ephyra and medusa) of A. coerulea versus different total length (4, 5, and 7 cm) of black sea bream were investigated. Results reveal that, the black sea bream could not prey on polyps that were attached to corrugated boards. The maximum ingestion rate of black sea bream on ephyrae was (15.487±1.150) ind./(g·d)occurred at 15℃; the total length of black sea bream and bell diameter of jellyfish affected the ingestion rate. With the grow-up of black sea bream, it can prey on larger jellyfish individual. There was a threshold of predation ability of black sea bream on jellyfish at a given umbrella diameter, and providing more jellyfish could not increase the predation amount. This study is insightful for understanding the high mortality rate of ephyrae, and provided a theoretical basis for interpreting the disappearance of gelatinous zooplankton. |
| Key words: polyp ephyrae medusae larvae ingestion rate |
