| 摘要: |
| 蜈支洲岛海洋牧场为海南省首个国家级海洋牧场示范区，为评估蜈支洲岛海洋牧场的资源养护效果，进而为下一步海洋牧场的渔业资源科学管理提供依据。采用渔业资源水声学调查方法，对蜈支洲海洋牧场近岛人工鱼礁区及海棠湾湾区的渔业资源现状及其季节变动进行了研究。2019年4月、8月、12月进行了3次调查，结果显示：4月近岛人工鱼礁区域共捕获游泳生物63种，平均资源量密度为63.71 t/km2，8月、12月海棠湾湾区共捕获游泳生物68种和120种，平均资源量密度分别为8.29 t/km2和7.21 t/km2。4-12月物种多样性指数（H'）均值分别为3.532、3.478、4.414。三次调查中，鱼类优势种中多齿蛇鲻（Saurida tumbil）、短鳄齿鱼（Champsodon snyderi）、宽条鹦天竺鯛（Ostorhinchus fasciatus）均出现2次，其余种类均只出现一次。4-12月重要经济生物占总资源量的比重依次为72.46%、64.74%、57.59%。综上所述，蜈支洲岛海洋牧场近岛人工礁区及海棠湾湾区渔业资源丰富、物种多样性高，尤其是海洋牧场建设对于渔业资源的聚集起到了积极的作用，但仍存在重要经济鱼类少，个体较小等问题。 |
| 关键词: 海洋牧场 渔业资源 渔业水声学 蜈支洲岛 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20210500124 |
| 分类号:S931;S932;S953 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划"蓝色粮仓科技创新"重点专项,2019YFD0901304号;国家自然科学基金项目,42076097号,31760757号。 |
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| CURRENT SITUATION AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF FISHERY RESOURCES IN TROPICAL MARINE RANCH IN WUZHIZHOU ISLAND, SANYA, HAINAN |
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WANG Xin-Yuan, LI Jian-Long, ZHANG Xiang, CHEN Meng-Ling, WU Pei-Lin, MA Wen-Gang, PENG Si-Ying, ZHANG Xi, XIE Jian-Jun, GAO Fei, XU Qiang, WANG Ai-Min
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The Ocean College of Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
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| Abstract: |
| Wuzhizhou Island Marine Ranching (WIMR) is the first national marine ranching demonstration area in South China Sea in Hainan Province, China. To evaluate the conservation effect of marine ranching resources in the island, and provide a basis for scientific management of marine ranching fishery resources in the next phase, the present situation and seasonal variation of fishery resources in artificial reef areas in nearby island of WIMR and Haitang Bay area were studied using underwater acoustic method. Three surveys were conducted in April, August and December of 2019. Results show that 63 species of nekton were captured in the artificial reef areas in April with an average resource density of 63.71 t/km2; and 68 and 120 species of nekton were captured in Haitang Bay Area in August and December, with an average resource density of 8.29 and 7.21 t/km2, respectively. The mean values of species diversity index (H') from April to December were 3.532, 3.478, and 4.414, respectively. In the three surveys, Saurida tumbil, Champsodon snyderi, and Ostrhinchus fasciatus all appeared twice, while the other species appeared only once. From the April to December, the proportion of important economic organisms in the total resources was 72.46%, 64.74%, and 57.59%, respectively. Therefore, the artificial reef areas of WIMR and Haitang Bay area were rich in fishery resources and high species diversity. In particular, the construction of marine ranching has played a positive role in the accumulation of fishery resources. However, some problems remain, such as few important economic fish and small individuals. |
| Key words: marine ranching fishery resources fishery hydroacoustics Wuzhizhou Island |
