| 摘要: |
| 贻贝营半固着生活,依靠足丝将自己牢固地黏附在底物上。足丝的结构和性能对贻贝的正常生命活动至关重要。为研究热液区极端环境下深海贻贝足丝的结构和性能,采集了印度洋龙旂深海热液区的贻贝(Bathymodiolus marisindicus)足丝,对其力学特性、结构特征和组分进行了分析。力学性能测试发现与近海贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)相比,B.marisindicus足丝的力学性能表现为模量小、弹性小、弹性缓冲较差。傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer,FT-IR)分析显示深海热液区贻贝足丝的主要成分是胶原蛋白,官能团特征显示足丝蛋白含大量的β折叠结构,足丝近端和远端的二级结构梯度较小。扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)结果显示热液区贻贝足丝表面光滑,内部结构呈纤维状整齐排列。氨基酸分析结果显示深海热液区贻贝足丝中甘氨酸、脯氨酸含量高于近海贻贝足丝,这可能会增加足丝蛋白中三螺旋结构的稳定性,使足丝在热液环境中保持性能稳定。热液区深海贻贝足丝独特的力学性能、结构特征和组分特征为研究热液区贻贝的环境适应性提供了一定的基础。 |
| 关键词: 热液区贻贝 足丝 力学性能 傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer,FT-IR) 扫描电镜 氨基酸分析 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20210900213 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金,41776177号;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室基金,2016ASKJ14号,QNLM2016ORP0403号;中国大洋矿产资源研究项目,DY135-E2-1-07。 |
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| THE STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE OF MUSSEL BYSSUS IN THE DEEP-SEA HYDROTHERMAL AREA OF THE INDIAN OCEAN |
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XIE Lin-Qing1, CAO Wei1, JIANG Feng-Hua1, LI Jing-Xi1, SUN Cheng-Jun1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bio-resource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266100, China;2.Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266200, China
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| Abstract: |
| The structure and performance of the byssus of mussels are essential to the normal life of mussels. To study the structure and performance of deep-sea mussel byssus in the extreme environment of the hydrothermal area, Bathymodiolus marisindicus byssus were collected from the deep-sea hydrothermal area of Longqi, Southwest Indian Ocean, and their mechanical properties, structural characteristics, and components were analyzed. Compared with offshore mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), the mechanical properties of B. marisindicus byssus are characterized by small modulus, low elasticity, and poor elastic cushioning. Analysis with Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer showed that the main component of mussel byssus in the deep-sea hydrothermal area was collagen. The functional group characteristics showed that the byssus protein contains a large number of β-sheet structures, and the secondary structure gradient at the proximal and distal ends of the byssus is small. Scanning electron microscopy results show that the surface of the mussel byssus in the hydrothermal area is smooth, and the internal structure is fibrous and orderly arranged. The results of amino acid analysis show relative high glycine and proline in the mussel byssus from the deep-sea hydrothermal area. The high glycine and proline may increase the stability of the triple helix structure of byssus protein and enable the byssus maintain stable performance in the hydrothermal environment. This study revealed the unique mechanical properties, structural characteristics, and composition characteristics of deep-sea mussel byssus in the hydrothermal area, and provided a basis for understanding the environmental adaptability of the mussels in hydrothermal area. |
| Key words: hydrothermal area mussel byssus mechanical property Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer scanning electron microscope amino acid analysis |
