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| 黑潮对东海网采浮游植物群落组成与分布的影响 |
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孙振皓1,2,3, 江志兵1,2,4,3, 詹琳1, 朱元励1,2,3, 曾江宁1,2,3, 陈全震1, 陈建芳1
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1.自然资源部第二海洋研究所 自然资源部海洋生态系统动力学重力实验室 浙江杭州 310012;2.浙江省近海海洋工程环境与生态安全重点实验室 浙江杭州 310012;3.自然资源部长三角海洋生态环境科学野外观测研究站 浙江舟山 316021;4.浙江省海洋科学院 海洋空间资源管理技术重点实验室 浙江杭州 310012
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| 摘要: |
| 黑潮入侵深刻影响东海生态环境,但对其如何影响浮游植物群落组成与分布仍知之甚少。为此,于2011年四季对东海(26°~33°N,121°~128°E)共164个站位进行浮游植物拖网采集和环境因子测定,分析了浮游植物丰度和优势种组成及其对黑潮入侵的响应。调查共检出浮游植物9门509种(含变种、变型和未定种),其中硅藻305种、甲藻154种,蓝藻、定鞭藻、金藻、裸藻、绿藻、隐藻和黄藻种类数较少。秋季浮游植物细胞丰度最高(30 496.91×103 cells/m3),高值区位于黑潮与长江冲淡水交汇形成的锋面处;夏季次之(28 911.28×103 cells/m3),高值区分布与秋季相似;春季较少(19180.76×103 cells/m3),高值区位于舟山群岛东南部;冬季最低(472.36×103 cells/m3),高值区位于东海南部。冬季受黑潮表层水入侵影响,主要优势种为铁氏束毛藻(Trichodesmium thiebautii);春、夏季主要优势种为骨条藻(Skeletonema spp.),由于黑潮次表层水势力增强,入侵东海并携带丰富的磷酸盐,加之长江冲淡水输入大量无机氮,夏季浮游植物总丰度高于春季;秋季主要优势种为柔弱伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima),受黑潮表层水势力增强和次表层水影响,磷酸盐浓度最高,浮游植物总丰度在四季中最高。种类数表现为秋季>冬季>夏季>春季,水平分布为由近岸向外海递增,种类数高值位于黑潮影响区域。相似性分析和多维尺度分析显示,浮游植物群落组成时空差异明显。由此可见,黑潮输送的磷酸盐促进了浮游植物的生长,且其携带的暖水种增加了浮游植物的种类多样性,使东海浮游植物群落组成表现出明显的季节、空间变化。 |
| 关键词: 东海 黑潮 浮游植物 群落组成 季节变化 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20220500142 |
| 分类号:Q948 |
| 基金项目:浙江省尖兵研发攻关计划,2022C03044号;国家重点研发计划课题,2021YFC3101702号;国家自然科学基金,41876198号;浙江省自然科学基金,LR22D060001号;长江口-浙江近海-邻近东海多学科长期观测(LORCE)计划,SZ2001号。 |
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| INFLUENCE OF KUROSHIO INTRUSION ON COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NET-COLLECTED PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY IN THE EAST CHINA SEA |
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SUN Zhen-Hao1,2,3, JIANG Zhi-Bing1,2,4,3, ZHAN Lin1, ZHU Yuan-Li1,2,3, ZENG Jiang-Ning1,2,3, CHEN Quan-Zhen1, CHEN Jian-Fang1
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamic, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China;2.Key Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China;3.Observation and research station of Yangtze River Delta Marine Ecosystems, Marine of Natural Resources, Zhoushan 316021, China;4.Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Ministry of Natural Resource, Marine Academy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
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| Abstract: |
| The intrusion of Kuroshio influences profoundly the ecology and environment of the East China Sea (ECS). However, its influence on phytoplankton community composition and distribution remain unclear. To analyze the phytoplankton abundance and dominant species composition and their responses to the Kuroshio intrusion into the ECS, phytoplankton samples were collected vertically using net trawl method from 164 stations (26°~33°N, 121°~128°E) in the four seasons. Among all the samples collected, 9 phyla and 509 species were identified, including 305 diatom, 154 dinoflagellate, and a few cyanobacteria, haptophyta, chrysophyte, euglenophyte, chlorophyte, cryptophyte, and xanthophyte species. The seasonal pattern of phytoplankton abundance showed an order of autumn (30 496.91×103cells/m3)>summer (28 911.28×103 cells/m3)>spring (19180.76×103 cells/m3)>winter (472.36×103 cells/m3). High phytoplankton abundance was observed in the front between Kuroshio and the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Diluted Water, the southeast of Zhoushan Islands, and the southeast part of the ECS. A high-temperature and high-salinity species, Trichodesmium thiebautii was dominant in winter under the intrusion of Kuroshio surface water. Skeletonema spp. was dominant in spring and summer. Phytoplankton abundance was higher in summer than in spring because the enhanced Changjiang Diluted Water and intrusion of Kuroshio subsurface water transported abundant nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. In autumn, phytoplankton abundance and dissolved inorganic phosphorus concentration were the highest due to the influence of Kuroshio surface water and subsurface water; the community was mainly dominated by Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima. The species number showed an order of autumn> winter> summer> spring. A large number of warm-water phytoplankton species was found in Kuroshio water, resulting in increased species number from coastal to offshore waters. Similarity analysis and multidimensional scaling showed that phytoplankton community composition varied significantly with seasonal and spatial scale. These results demonstrate that the abundant phosphorus and offshore warm-water species transported by Kuroshio promote the growth of phytoplankton and enhance the species diversity, which influence profoundly the seasonal and spatial patterns of phytoplankton community composition in the ECS. |
| Key words: East China Sea Kuroshio phytoplankton community composition seasonal variation |
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