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| 不同强度光强胁迫对海带(Saccharina japonica)幼苗光合生理的影响 |
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牛建峰1,2,3, 冯泽中1,4, 孙振杰1,4, 王伟伟5, 张晓雯6, 梁广津5, 王立军1,2,3, 李晓捷5, 王广策1,2,3
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学重点实验室 山东青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室 山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 山东青岛 266071;4.青岛农业大学 山东青岛 266109;5.山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司 山东省海藻遗传育种与栽培技术重点实验室 山东烟台 264003;6.农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 山东青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 海带(Saccharina japonica)是我国藻类生产的主要品种之一,其栽培面积和产量均居世界首位。2021~2022年产季,山东荣成海带主产区先后暴发了大规模病烂灾害,给当地水产经济造成了巨大损失。引起病烂的原因可能来自多方面,其中藻体所受光照过强及水体营养盐水平较低可能起到了一定作用,为此,基于海带幼苗的最小饱和光强、烟台高新区牟平自然海区海水氮磷浓度及不同海水深度下的光照强度测定结果,研究了梯度强光在不同海水营养盐水平下对海带生理的影响,以期为“烂菜”现象的病因分析提供一定的线索。结果显示,海带幼苗在700~900μE/(m2s)强光胁迫3d后,Fv/Fm可恢复至对照水平,光合色素合成活跃,营养盐含量较高的海水更有助于PSII的修复,但1300~1500μE/(m2s)的强光辐射导致PSII不能恢复,岩藻黄素、叶绿素a及β-胡萝卜素含量显著降低。整个胁迫实验中,藻体总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及其他抗氧化酶比活力大体上在强光胁迫的起始至第3天上调,而在胁迫第5天时又出现下降趋势,且在营养盐含量较高的处理组中,各样本活性均高于天然海水处理组样本。抗氧化酶基因的表达也呈现类似的变化趋势。在低于900μE/(m2s)的光照条件下,抗氧化酶活性可以得到较好的维持,而海水中相对较为丰富的营养盐则有利于藻体抗氧化能力的维持。研究结果为荣成海带病烂暴发的原因分析提供了一定的借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 强光胁迫 活性氧清除 光系统修复 海带幼苗 抗氧化酶 岩藻黄素 β-胡萝卜素 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20220500127 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项项目,2018YFD0901500号;财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助,CARS-50号。 |
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| EFFECTS OF STRONG LIGHT STRESS ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PHYSIOLOGY OF SACCHARINA JAPONICA SEEDLINGS |
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NIU Jian-Feng1,2,3, FENG Ze-Zhong1,4, SUN Zhen-Jie1,4, WANG Wei-Wei5, ZHANG Xiao-Wen6, LIANG Guang-Jin5, WANG Li-Jun1,2,3, LI Xiao-Jie5, WANG Guang-Ce1,2,3
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1.Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China;4.Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;5.Provincial Key Laboratory of Algae Genetic Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of Shandong, Shandong Oriental Ocean Sci-tech Co. Ltd., Yantai 264003, China;6.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| Saccharina japonica is one of the main species of algae cultivated in China, and its cultivation scale and yield rank first in the world. In the production season of 2021~2022, a large-scale disease disaster outbreak occurred in the area of Rongcheng, Shandong, causing huge losses to the local aquatic economy. The causes of the disease may come from many aspects. Among them, the excessive strong solar irradiance and the low nutrient level in the seawater could be accounted. Based on the results of the minimum saturated light intensity of S. japonica, the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in natural seawater, the effects of different strong light on the physiology of S. japonica at different seawater nutrient levels were studied. Results showed that the PSII of seedlings of S. japonica could be well maintained under 700~900 μE/(m2 s) for a long time and the relatively high nutrient level of seawater contributed to the repairment of PSII under high light stress conditions. However, under the light condition of 1 300~1 500 μE/(m2 s), the recovery of PSII was damaged and the contents of fucoxanthin, chlorophyll a and β-carotene decreased significantly. Through the whole experiment of light stress, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and specific activities of antioxidant enzymes of the algae were generally up-regulated from the beginning of treatment to the third day, but decreased on the fifth day of experiment. Moreover, the enzyme activities of the algae incubated with nutrient seawater were higher than those incubated with the natural seawater. The expression of antioxidant enzyme genes also showed a similar trend. In summary, the antioxidant enzyme system was active for several days below 900 μE/(m2 s) and the addition of exogenous nutrients could extend the activity maintenance period. This provided some clues to understanding of outbreak of disease disaster in Rongcheng. |
| Key words: high light stress scavenging of reactive oxygen species repairment of photosystem Saccharina japonica seedlings antioxidant enzymes fucoxanthin β-carotene |
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