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| 海州湾中国毛虾(Acetes chinensis)种群生物学特征和资源开发状态研究 |
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吴晓睿1,2, 宋大德1,2, 熊瑛2, 仲霞铭2, 李纲1, 杨帆2,3, 康中杰1,2, 李国东1,2, 李冬佳1,2, 施金金2, 闫欣2
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1.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院 上海 201306;2.江苏省海洋水产研究所 江苏南通 226007;3.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院 上海 201306
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| 摘要: |
| 为掌握我国限额捕捞物种海州湾中国毛虾（Acetes chinensis）的资源动态，于2020、2021年6~7月分别采集了1 094、1 700尾中国毛虾样本，测定其体长、体质量和性别等特征，并运用FiSAT Ⅱ软件对生长、死亡参数及资源利用水平等进行评估。结果显示：2020、2021年限额捕捞期间其平均体长分别为32.30、35.73 mm，雌雄性比分别为1.52：1、1.62：1，体长大于35 mm的毛虾中雌性比例分别为98.5%、90.0%，并得出了体质量-体长关系式；2020、2021年自然死亡系数（M）分别为0.55、0.61 month–1，捕捞死亡系数（F）分别为0.62、0.27 month–1；2020、2021年开捕体长（Lc）分别为26.28、29.73 mm，均小于最适开捕体长（Lopt）33 mm；2020、2021年资源开发率（E）分别为0.53、0.31，均小于当年E0.1（0.60、0.77），表明海州湾中国毛虾资源尚未过度捕捞。鉴于我国实施伏季休渔期毛虾限额捕捞的规模不断扩大，应谨慎增加捕捞努力量，将开发率E有效控制在E0.1以内。 |
| 关键词: 中国毛虾 海州湾 体长股分析法 群体生物学特征 开发率 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20220600160 |
| 分类号:S937.3;S932.5+1 |
| 基金项目:农业农村部渔业资源监测专项，125C0505号；江苏省省级农业生态保护与资源利用-渔业生态与资源监测，2021-SJ-110-02号；江苏省农业综合执法专项，2020-SJ-018号。 |
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| POPULATION BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EXPLOITATION STATUS OF ACETES CHINENSIS IN HAIZHOU BAY |
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WU Xiao-Rui1,2, SONG Da-De1,2, XIONG Ying2, ZHONG Xia-Ming2, LI Gang1, YANG Fan2,3, KANG Zhong-Jie1,2, LI Guo-Dong1,2, LI Dong-Jia1,2, SHI Jin-Jin2, YAN Xin2
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1.College of Marine Sciences of Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2.Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China;3.College of Fisheries and Life Science of Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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| Abstract: |
| Acetes chinensis is a fishery resource of great economic importance in China, Republic of Korea, and Japan. However, little is known about its resource assessment and population biological characteristics especially in China waters from the early 2000s to present. In 2020 and 2021, A. chinensis boost the local fishery economy in Haizhou Bay in the short run. Therefore, taking the opportunity of A. chinensis in Haizhou Bay under the pilot of marine fisheries TAC (Total Allowable Catch), 1 094 and 1 700 fish specimens were sampled in 2020 and 2021, respectively, from the special fishing planning area of A. chinensis in the Haizhou Bay. The population parameters of A. chinensis were estimated by using the Length based Cohort Analysis (LCA) in FiSAT II software. Results show that the average body length of A. chinensis in 2020 and 2021 were 32.30 and 35.73 mm, respectively; sex ratio of A. chinensis in 2020 and 2021 were 1.52:1 and 1.62:1, respectively; Females of the A. chinensis with body length over 35 mm in these two years were 98.5% and 90.0%, respectively. And the relational equation between body length and body weight has been solved. Nature mortality coefficient (M) and fishing mortality coefficient (F) were 0.55 and 0.62 month-1 in 2020, respectively, while they were 0.61 and 0.27 month-1 in 2021,respectively. The catchable length of A. chinensis in 2020 and 2021 were 26.28 and 29.73 mm, respectively, which are both smaller than the optimum ca tchable length (33 mm). In 2020 and 2021, exploitation rate (E) of A. chinensis resources in Haizhou Bay were 0.53 and 0.31, respectively, which were lower than E0.1 in corresponding year, indicating minimal fishing effects. In view of the expansion of the scale of marine fisheries TACs in China, fishing effort should be increased carefully, and the exploitation rate shall be effectively controlled by the E0.1 to achieve the optimum state of conservation and utilization. |
| Key words: Acetes chinensis Haizhou Bay Length based Cohort Analysis (LCA) population biological characteristics exploitation rate |