| 摘要: |
| 为进一步阐明脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)的繁殖生物学习性, 作者分别以脊尾白虾受精卵和初孵幼体为实验对象, 研究了温度对脊尾白虾胚胎发育及幼体发育的影响。结果表明, 温度对孵化时间及胚胎孵化率影响显著(P<0.05): 在实验温度范围内(19～31℃), 胚胎发育进程随温度升高而加快, 19℃和31℃条件下胚胎孵化时间分别为(536.50±18.33) h 和(218.68±5.51) h; 胚胎孵化率在25℃下最高为64.11%±12.54%, 较高(28～31℃)和较低(19～22℃)温度下的胚胎孵化率显著降低。温度对脊尾白虾幼体发育影响显著(P<0.05): 在16～32℃范围内, 体长增长率随温度的升高而增加, 但幼体发育持续时间随温度的升高而减少, 16℃和32℃条件下幼体变态为仔虾所需时间分别为孵化后(27.60±0.22)d和(7.75±0.07)d, 较低温度范围内(16～28℃)P1变态存活率随温度升高而升高, 28℃的P1变态存活率最高达91.67%±7.64%。但当温度继续升高时, 幼体的变态存活率急剧降低, 36℃时幼体不能变态为仔虾。根据曲线拟合方程推算的最适胚胎发育和幼体发育温度分别为25.33℃和27.60℃。本实验结果可以为脊尾白虾人工育苗的管理提供参考和依据。 |
| 关键词: 脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda) 温度效应 胚胎发育 幼体发育 |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B01); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41376165); 公益性行业(农业) 科研专项经费项目(201103034) |
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| Effects of temperature on embryonic and larval development of the Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis) |
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| Abstract: |
| To understand the reproductive biology of Exopalaemon carinicauda, the effects of temperature on embryonic and larval development of this species were evaluated using fertilized eggs and new-hatching larvae as experimental materials. The results showed that the hatching time (TH) and hatching rate (RH) were significantly affected by temperature (P<0.05). The embryonic development was accelerated with the temperature increasing within the experimental temperature range (19～31℃). For example, the TH at 19℃ was (536.50±18.33) h post spawning, while it was only (218.68±5.51) h at 31℃. The highest (64.11%±12.54%) and lowest (14.79%±5.17%) RH values were obtained at 25℃ and 19℃, respectively. Temperature also significantly influenced the larval development (P<0.05). At temperature range from 16 to 32℃, the duration of larval development (DLD) from mysisⅠ (M1) to postlarvae stage (P1) and the body length (BL) of P1 stage both decreased with increased temperatures, while the daily growth of body length increased with increased temperatures. DLD shortened from (27.60±0.22) d at 16℃ to (7.75±0.07) d at 32℃. The highest survival rate from M1 to P1 ( SRM1～P1 ) was gained at 28℃ (91.67%±7.64%), while larvae failed to develop to P1 stage at 36℃. The optimum temperature of embryonic and larval development of E. carinicauda is 25.33℃ and 27.60℃, respectively as estimated from the correlation equations. The results in the present study could be used to facilitate the artificial seeding of E. carinicauda. |
| Key words: Exopalaemon carinicauda temperature effects embryonic development larval development |
