| 摘要: |
| 为比较中国不同海域口虾蛄(Oratosqilla oratoria)群体的遗传特性, 作者对采自皮口、绥中、青岛和广州4 个海域的口虾蛄群体的线粒体COI基因序列进行扩增和测序, 比较并分析了其遗传多样性和系统进化关系。获得585bp 的口虾蛄线粒体COI基因序列, 发现变异位点54 个, 占总位点数的9.2%。COI基因序列A+T 含量(64.8%)显著高于G+T 含量(35.2%), 符合节肢动物线粒体DNA 碱基组成的特点。转换与颠换的平均比值是7.84, 碱基替换未达到饱和。100 个样本的线粒体COI基因序列共定义35 个单倍型, 单倍型多样性(Hd)为0.9162, 平均核苷酸多样性(π)为0.0203。4 个群体均具有高的单倍型多样性和低的核苷酸多样性的特点, 说明4 个海域口虾蛄的遗传多样性均处于中等水平, 但广州海域的遗传多样性水平最高。AMOVA 分析表明, 来自于群体间的遗传差异(84.53%)明显高于来自群体内的差异(15.47%)。遗传分化系数(Fst)表明皮口、绥中、青岛3 个海域间几乎没有发生分化(Fst<0), 而广州海域口虾蛄遗传分化较大。从GenBank 上下载了19 条粤东海域口虾蛄的同源序列与本实验获得序列共同构建NJ 系统发育树, 结果显示皮口、绥中、青岛聚为一支, 广州和粤东(深圳和汕尾)聚为另一支。单倍型系统发育树和单倍型进化网络关系图均显示出广州海域口虾蛄群体较大的遗传分化。 |
| 关键词: 口虾蛄(Oratosqilla oratoria) 线粒体COI 遗传多样性 系统发育 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20140412002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41006079); 辽宁省特色产业基地计划产业化项目(2010416022); 浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室开放基金(J2012009) |
|
| Genetic diversity of Oratosqilla oratoria from four sea waters based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences analysis |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| Oratosqilla oratoria is an important economic species in coastal areas of China and has high nutritional value. This paper analyzes and summarizes the hereditary feature of O. oratoria from different sea waters by a comparative study. Four populations of O. oratoria were collected from Pikou, Suizhong, Qingdao and Guangzhou sea waters of China. The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed by amplifying and sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of O. oratoria. A total of 54 variable sites (9.2%) and 35 haplotypes were detected in 585 bp sites for 100 COI sequences. COI sequences were analyzed and the results indicated that the A+T content (64.8%) was higher than that of C+G (35.2%), corresponding with the characteristics of Arthropods’s mitochondrial COI gene. The ratio of TV and TS was 7.84, indicating that the base substitution of COI gene was not satured in O. oratoria. The average values of haplotype and nucleotide diversity were 0.9616 and 0.02027. The results of haplotype and nucleotide diversity analysis in four different populations of O. oratoria showed a middle genetic diversity, but the genetic diversity level of Guangzhou was the highest. AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic difference among populations (84.53%) was significantly higher than that within populations (15.47%). The fix index (Fst) across all populations revealed that there were no genetic differentiations among Pikou, Suizhong and Qingdao sea waters (Fst<0), but Guangzhou had a high level. Nineteen homologous sequences of O. oratoria of the eastern coast of Guangdong province were downloaded from GenBank, together with the sequences obtained in this study, a neighbor-joining tree was constructed the. The results revealed that the five populations could be divided into two groups, one group included Pikou, Suizhong and Qingdao populations and the other group included Guangzhou and the east coast of Guangdong province. The haplotype phylogenetic tree and haplotype network from all haplotypes was constructed which all revealed the big genetic differentiation of O. oratoria in Guangzhou seawaters. The genetic variation and the genetic structure of four O. oratoria populations were analyzes. These results could provide a molecular biology basis for protection and reasonable utilization of germplasm resources of O. oratoria in the coastal areas of China. |
| Key words: Oratosqilla oratoria COI gene genetic diversity phylogeny |
