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引用本文:郝世鑫,刘广斌,王晓通,刘恩孚,张天文,荆圆圆,郭 文.在实验条件下温度对3种不同规格魁蚶幼贝生长和存活的影响[J].海洋科学,2017,41(11):60-66.
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在实验条件下温度对3种不同规格魁蚶幼贝生长和存活的影响
郝世鑫1,2, 刘广斌3, 王晓通4, 刘恩孚3, 张天文3, 荆圆圆3, 郭 文3
1.上海海洋大学 水产与生命学院;2.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院;3.山东省海洋生物研究院;4.鲁东大学 农学院
摘要:
在6~24℃室内可控温范围内, 每3℃为一个梯度, 以魁蚶壳长、体质量日增长率以及存活率作为指标, 研究了温度对3 种规格魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii)幼贝(小规格壳长6.565 mm±0.225 mm、体质量53.704 mg±5.830 mg; 中规格壳长10.114 mm±0.446 mm、体质量181.918 mg±24.797 mg; 大规格壳长14.725 mm±0.315 mm、体质量562.416 mg±42.791 mg)生长和存活的影响。结果表明, 3 种规格魁蚶幼贝在6~24℃水温下均能生长, 但在水温6℃及24℃下的壳长和体质量日增长率均较低; 水温9℃时3 种规格的幼贝的存活率均最高, 水温24℃时3 种规格幼贝的存活率均最低; 水温6~21℃时3 种规格幼贝的存活率随着规格的增大而提高, 水温24℃时3 种规格幼贝的存活率随着规格的增大而降低;小、中、大规格幼贝适宜生长温度分别为10.7~22.3、6.9~23.2、3.7~23.3℃, 较适宜生长温度分别为14.3~19.5、15.8~21.6、11.5~21.0℃, 最适生长温度分别为18、18、15℃。实验结论为, 随着规格增大, 魁蚶幼贝适宜生长温度范围扩大, 最适生长温度降低, 本实验确定了魁蚶幼贝适宜的生长温度, 为更有效地开展魁蚶中间培育和底播增殖提供理论支持。
关键词:  魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii)  魁蚶幼贝规格  温度  生长  存活
DOI:10.11759/hykx20170714007
分类号:
基金项目:山东省现代农业产业技术体系贝类创新团队建设专项资金项目(SDAIT-14); 山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题
Effects of temperature on the growth and survival of three different specifications of Scapharca broughtonii under experimental conditions
HAO Shi-xin,LIU Guang-bin,WANG Xiao-tong,LIU En-fu,ZHANG Tian-wen,JING Yuan-yuan,GUO Wen
Abstract:
Within the indoor temperature range from 6 ℃ to 24℃ and by 3℃ gradient, shell length, body mass daily growth and survival are regarded as observed indicators. The text study the effects of different temperature for different specifications chief cockle on the growth and survival of the larvae and suitable, appropriate and optimum growth temperature of three sizes of Scapharca broughtonii seedlings(small size shell length 6.565 mm±0.225 mm, body mass 53.704 mg±5.830 mg; medium size shell length 10.114 mm±0.446 mm, body mass 181.918 mg±24.797 mg; large size shell length 14.725 mm±0.315mm, body mass 562.416 mg±42.791 mg). The result shows that three kinds of seedlings could grow form 6 to 24℃ in seawater, but in the water temperature 6 and 24 centigrade, the shell length and body mass daily growth rate of three kinds of specifications is lower. Under the water temperature of 9 ℃, the survival rate of three seedlings is the highest, when the water temperature is 24℃, the survival rate of the larvae of different specifications is the lowest; In the water temperature 6-21℃ environment, the survival rate increases with the specifications increased, and it is lower with the specifications increased in 24℃. The suitable temperature for the growth of small, medium and large-sized larvae is 10.7-22.3℃, 6.9-23.2 ℃, 3.7-23.3℃, respectively. The more appropriate growth temperature of small, medium and large-sized seedlings is 14.3-19.5℃, 15.8-21.6℃, 11.5-21.0℃, respectively. The optimum growth temperature of small and medium size seedlings is 18 ℃, the temperature of the large size of the seedlings is 15℃. Conclusion, with the increase of the specifications, the suitable growth temperature range of the larvae is prolonged and the optimum growth temperature is reduced, the study determined the ark-shell larvae suitable growth temperature, provide theoretical support to carry out arkshell intermediate cultivation and bottom sowing proliferation more effectively.
Key words:  Scapharca broughtonii  specification of ark-shell seedling  temperature  growth  survival rate
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