| 摘要: |
| 运用 Landsat 遥感影像，基于莱州湾滨海湿地特征并结合野外观测数据, 揭示1990—2018年莱州湾滨海湿地景观格局变化特征，并结合景观指数分析莱州湾滨海湿地异质性。结果表明，1990—2018年莱州湾天然滨海湿地面积减少，人工滨海湿地面积增加。截至2018年莱州湾滨海湿地面积总计1954km2，其中天然滨海湿地面积约811km2，人工滨海湿地面积约1143 km2，分别占42%和58%， 滨海湿地向建设用地转化的趋势明显。斑块数量（NP）、景观形状指数（LSI）等景观指数值逐年增加，表明莱州湾景观格局变化明显且破碎化程度加重。莱州湾滨海湿地不同岸段之间景观格局变化的驱动机制不完全一样，造成其破碎化程度加重的自然驱动力有河口冲淤、降水量变化等；人工驱动力主要为城市建设、港口码头、集约用海区建设、养殖业和制盐业的开发利用等。 |
| 关键词: 滨海湿地 遥感解译 景观类型 景观指数 破碎化 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20191003001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51779048）；山东省专项海洋科技资金重大科技创新工程（2018SDKJ0505）；山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室开放课题（2016KFJJ01） |
|
| The Change Characteristics of Coastal Wetland Landscape Patterns of Laizhou Bay in Recent 30 Years |
|
Huangjiantao1, Zheng Wei2, Li Jie3, Lu Jingfang3
|
|
1.Institute of environmental and municipal engineering, Qingdao University of Technology,;2.The First Institute of Oceanography , Ministry of Natural Resources;3.Qingdao University of Technology
|
| Abstract: |
| The characteristics of landscape pattern changes of coastal wetland in Laizhou Bay from 1990 to 2018 were revealed by using Landsat remote sensing and the in situ investigation, combing with landscape index to analyze the heterogeneity of coastal wetlands. The results show that natural wetland area decreased whereas the artificial wetland area increased in Laizhou Bay during 1990 to 2018. In 2018, the natural wetland area was about 811 km2 and the artificial coastal wetland area was 1143 km2, occupying about 42% and 58% respectively of the total 1954km2 coastal wetlands in Laizhou Bay. The trend of coastal wetlands converted to the construction land is obvious.NP, LSI and other landscape index values increase year by year, indicating that the landscape pattern of Laizhou Bay is changing significantly and the degree of fragmentation is aggravated. The driving force of landscape pattern change between different shores of coastal wetland in Laizhou Bay is not exactly the same. The natural driving force that cause the degree of fragmentation to increase are estuarine sediment and seawater intrusion, while the artificial driving force are mainly for the development and utilization of urban construction, port, aquaculture and salt industry. |
| Key words: coastal wetland remote sensing interpretation landscape types landscape index fragmentation |