引用本文:	殷子瑶,江涛,杨广普,黄珏,赵永芳.1986—2017年胶州湾水体透明度时空变化及影响因素研究[J].海洋科学,2020,44(4):21-32.

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1986—2017年胶州湾水体透明度时空变化及影响因素研究
殷子瑶^1,2,3, 江涛¹, 杨广普¹, 黄珏¹, 赵永芳⁴
1.山东科技大学, 山东青岛 266590;2.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院数字地球重点实验室, 北京 100094;3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;4.中国科学院海洋研究所胶州湾生态站, 山东青岛 266071

摘要:

借助遥感技术能够获取长时序大范围数据的特点，利用1986—2017年的Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI影像，通过构建基于实测数据的定量反演模型，分析了32年来胶州湾海域水体透明度的时空分布特征和变化规律，并探究其主要影响因素。结果表明，年均水体透明度的变化范围为1.55~2.55 m，且空间分布规律稳定，呈现东南高西北低的特点；季均水体透明度从高到低依次为冬季（2.09 m）、春季（1.83 m）、秋季（1.82 m）、夏季（1.43 m）。利用气象数据及胶州湾流域的土地利用分类/景观格局数据，从自然环境和人类活动两方面分析影响胶州湾水体透明度时空分布的因素，发现胶州湾水体透明度与入海径流量、降水量存在显著的负相关关系，并受到近海养殖区破碎化程度和修建大型人工设施等人为因素的影响。

关键词: 胶州湾水体透明度时空分布遥感定量反演

DOI：10.11759/hykx20190909001

分类号:P722.5

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41706194）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2016DB23）；山东科技大学人才引进科研启动基金项目

The spatial-temporal variation of water clarity and its influencing factors in Jiaozhou Bay from 1986 to 2017

YIN Zi-yao^1,2,3, JIANG Tao¹, YANG Guang-pu¹, HUANG Jue¹, ZHAO Yong-fang⁴

1.Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China;2.Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4.Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Qingdao 266071, China

Abstract:

With the help of remote sensing technology, long-term and large-scale observation data can be obtained. In this study, Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images from 1986 to 2017 were used to construct a quantitative inversion model based on measured data. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and variation rules of water clarity in Jiaozhou Bay in the past 32 years were analyzed, and the main influencing factors were explored. The results showed that the annual average water clarity ranged from 1.55 m to 2.55 m, and the spatial distribution of water clarity was stable with characteristics of higher water clarity shown in the southeast and lower in the northwest. The average water clarity values in four seasons in descending order were as follows: winter (2.09 m), spring (1.83 m), autumn (1.82 m), and summer (1.43 m). Using meteorological data and land use classification/landscape pattern data of the Jiaozhou Bay Basin, the factors affecting the temporal and spatial distribution of water clarity in Jiaozhou Bay were analyzed from the perspective of the natural environment and human activities. A significant negative correlation was observed between water clarity and runoff and precipitation into the sea and was influenced by human factors such as the landscape pattern index of aquiculture area and construction of large-scale artificial facilities.

Key words: Jiaozhou Bay water clarity temporal and spatial distribution remote sensing quantitative retrieval