引用本文:	许晨琪,过杰,杨启霞,张晰,刘根旺,张彦敏.微波散射实验识别原油及乳化原油[J].海洋科学,2021,45(4):13-21.

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微波散射实验识别原油及乳化原油
许晨琪^1,2, 过杰^1,3,4, 杨启霞⁵, 张晰⁶, 刘根旺⁶, 张彦敏⁷
1.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院环境过程与生态修复重点实验室, 山东烟台 264003;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室, 山东烟台 264003;4.中国科学院海洋大科学中心, 山东青岛 266071;5.烟台大学环境与材料工程学院, 山东烟台 264005;6.自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061;7.中国海洋大学, 山东青岛 266100

摘要:

海上原油泄漏在其风化迁移过程中会形成不同浓度的乳化物，严重威胁海洋生态环境。合成孔径雷达（SAR）因其不受雨、云影响，可昼夜监测的优势，在海上溢油监测过程中发挥着主力军的作用，但是它在原油乳化识别方面还存在着不足。本文利用C波段全极化散射计观测原油的自然乳化过程，并利用人工制备的不同含水率的乳化油品模拟原油乳化进程观测油膜后向散射系数（N_RCS）的变化。实验结果表明乳化原油N_RCS高于未乳化原油，且油膜乳化程度越高相应的N_RCS越大。通过油水散射差值（Δσ⁰）与阻尼比（D_R）发现能够识别乳化与未乳化原油，反映油膜乳化程度的变化，且在VV极化下效果最佳。

关键词: 乳化原油识别含水率后向散射系数阻尼比

DOI：10.11759/hykx20200525002

分类号:P76

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（42076197，41576032，41576170）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC1405600）；中国科学院海洋大科学中心重点部署项目（COMS2019J05）

Identification of crude oil and emulsified crude oil based on microwave scattering experiment

XU Chen-qi^1,2, GUO Jie^1,3,4, YANG Qi-xia⁵, ZHANG Xi⁶, LIU Gen-wang⁶, ZHANG Yan-min⁷

1.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai 264003, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;4.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, CAS, Qingdao 266071, China;5.School of environmental and material engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;6.First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China;7.Ocean university of China, Qingdao 266100, China

Abstract:

The leaked of crude oil will form emulsions of different concentrations in the process of weathering and migration, which poses a serious threat to the marine ecological environment. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) plays a major role in the observation of the extent of oil spills on the sea surface which is not affected by rain and clouds and has the advantage of day and night monitoring. However, there are some deficiencies in the identification of emulsified crude oil still exist. In this paper, the natural emulsification of crude oil was observed by C-band full-polarization microwave scatterometer, emulsification process of crude oil simulated by manually prepared oil samples with different moisture content was also observed to study the change of the normalized radar cross section (N_RCS). The experimental results show that N_RCS of emulsified crude oil is higher than that of crude oil, and the higher the emulsification degree is, the higher the N_RCS of oil film is. N_RCS differences between oil and water (Δσ⁰) and damping ratio (D_R) can identify emulsified and non-emulsified crude oil, reflect the change of the degree of oil film emulsification, and in VV polarization is the best.

Key words: identification of emulsified crude oil moisture content normalized radar cross section damping ratio