引用本文:	陈伟峰,彭欣,秦松,陈骁,陈少波,叶深.乐清湾秋季虾类群落结构及生态位分析[J].海洋科学,2023,47(2):47-54.

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乐清湾秋季虾类群落结构及生态位分析
陈伟峰^1,2, 彭欣^1,2, 秦松^1,2, 陈骁³, 陈少波^1,2,4, 叶深^1,2
1.浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所, 浙江温州 325005;2.浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室, 浙江温州 325005;3.华南农业大学海洋学院, 广东广州 510642;4.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306

摘要:

为探究乐清湾虾类群落结构的形成和影响因素, 作者于2020年9月在该海域开展海洋生态系统综合调查, 运用相对重要性指数、生态位宽度、生态位重叠等生态指标, 结合非度量多维标度法(MDS)和冗余分析(RDA)对群落结构、生态位的重叠和分化进行分析。结果表明: 秋季研究海域共有虾类16种, 隶属于6科、10属; 哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)和中华管鞭虾(Solenocera crassicornis)为优势种, 周氏新对虾(Metapenaeus joyneri)、脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)和刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)为常见种; 哈氏仿对虾、中华管鞭虾、周氏新对虾和脊尾白虾属于中等生态位种, 其余均为窄生态位种; 红条鞭腕虾(Lysmata vittata)与太平洋长臂虾(Palaemon pacificus)的重叠值最高, 中国毛虾(Acetes chinensis)、葛氏长臂虾(Palaemon gravieri)和细指长臂虾(Palaemon tenuidactylus)等与其他种类重叠值较低; 影响该海域秋季虾类分布的主要环境因子是盐度, 其次为叶绿素a和温度, 溶解氧和COD对虾类分布影响较小, 这些环境因素综合解释了此区域虾类群落结构49.58%的总变异。

关键词: 乐清湾虾类优势种生态位环境因子

DOI：10.11759/hykx20220309002

分类号:P735

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41666008);温州市科技计划项目(N20190009)

Community structure and ecological niche analysis of shrimp during autumn in Yueqing Bay

CHEN Wei-feng^1,2, PENG Xin^1,2, QIN Song^1,2, CHEN Xiao³, CHEN Shao-bo^1,2,4, YE Shen^1,2

1.Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China;2.Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bioresource, Wenzhou 325005, China;3.College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;4.College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Abstract:

To explore the formation and influencing factors of the shrimp community structure in Yueqing Bay, a comprehensive survey of the marine ecosystem was conducted in September 2020. The overlap and differentiation of community structure and niche were analyzed using the relative importance index, niche breadth, niche overlap, and other ecological indicators in combination with nonmetric multidimensional scaling and redundant analysis. The results demonstrated that there were 16 shrimp species belonging to 6 families and 10 genera in the study area during autumn. Parapenaeopsis hardwickii and Solenocera crassicornis were determined as the dominant species, whereas Metapenaeus joyneri, Exopalaemon carinida, and Metapenaeus ensis were categorized as common species. Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Solenocera crassicornis, Metapenaeus joyneri, and Exopalaemon carinicauda belonged to middle niche species; the rest were narrow niche species. The overlap value between Lysmata vittata and Palaemon pacificus was the highest; Acetes chinensis, Palaemon graviera, and Palaemon tenuidactylus had lower overlap values with other species. The principal environmental factor that affected the distribution of shrimp in the autumn was salinity, followed by chlorophyll a and temperature. Dissolved oxygen and COD demonstrated limited effect on shrimp distribution. These environmental factors comprehensively elucidated 49.58% of the total variation of shrimp community structure in Yueqing Bay.

Key words: Yueqing Bay shrimp dominant species niche environmental factors