| 引用本文: | 李晓亚,刘娟,郑珊,梁俊华,朱明亮,李庆洁,孙晓霞.山东沿海不同工业废水源中微塑料的赋存特征[J].海洋科学,2023,47(10):43-51. |
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| 山东沿海不同工业废水源中微塑料的赋存特征 |
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李晓亚1, 刘娟1, 郑珊2, 梁俊华2, 朱明亮2, 李庆洁2, 孙晓霞2
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1.青岛科技大学 环境与安全工程学院, 山东 青岛 201210;2.中国科学院海洋研究所 胶州湾国家野外科学观测研究站, 山东 青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 微塑料(MPs)作为一种普遍存在的新污染物受到广泛关注,工业来源被认为是受纳河流和邻近海域中微塑料的重要来源,但是关于工业来源废水中的微塑料污染情况并不明确。本文系统研究了山东沿海5个行业代表性企业进水和出水中微塑料的赋存特征,结果表明,工业废水源内部污水处理系统对微塑料的去除效率较低,平均去除率仅为59.86%,沿海工业废水是近海环境中微塑料污染的潜在重要来源。不同类型工业中纺织印染业的进、出水微塑料含量最大,平均丰度分别为84.8个/L和19.6个/L,纸塑制造厂、化工厂和船舶工业的污水中微塑料丰度相近,进水中微塑料丰度在32.0~37.2个/L之间,出水中微塑料丰度在10.8~14.6个/L之间,金矿厂的进水中微塑料丰度最低,为23.9个/L,出水微塑料丰度为17.6个/L。不同工业源进水中微塑料在形状和成分上相似,在尺寸和颜色上存在行业差异,纤维(占比范围61.46%~84.48%)是主要形状,聚乙烯(PE)(53.48%~76.19%)是主要成分。工业源出水中微塑料主要形状为纤维(61.46%~91.06%),主要颜色为蓝色(41.67%~58.22%),主要成分为PE (16.22%~67.83%),出水中微塑料尺寸存在行业差异,≤300 μm的微塑料平均占比最高,为28.67%,占比范围为23.96%~35.19%。工业出水中微塑料特征与海洋中微塑料特征高度契合,再次证明了工业污水对海洋微塑料污染的重要贡献。本研究通过揭示典型海湾周边代表性行业的工业污水中微塑料浓度与特征,为海洋微塑料的源汇特征、迁移与防控研究提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 山东沿海 微塑料 工业废水 赋存特征 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20230302002 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金委员会联合基金重点支持项目(U2006206);中国科学院国际合作伙伴计划对外合作重点项目(133137KYSB20200002);国家自然科学基金委员会项目(42006118);中国科学院国际大科学计划培育项目(121311KYSB20190029);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)子课题(XDA23050303) |
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| Characteristics of microplastic in different industrial wastewater sources along the coast of Shandong Province |
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LI Xiao-ya1, LIU Juan1, ZHENG Shan2, LIANG Jun-hua2, ZHU Ming-liang2, LI Qing-jie2, SUN Xiao-xia2
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1.College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University Of Science & Technology, Qingdao 201210, China;2.Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| Microplastics (MPs) have attracted widespread attention as emerging and pervasive contaminants, and the scientific community is increasingly recognizing industrial sources as significant contributors to MP pollution in rivers and adjacent seas. However, the extent of this pollution in wastewater from industrial sources remains unclear. In this study, we examined MP characteristics in the influent and effluent of representative enterprises from five coastal industries in Shandong Province. Our findings revealed that internal wastewater treatment systems within industrial wastewater sources exhibited a relatively low removal efficiency for MPs, with an average removal rate of only 59.86%. Consequently, a substantial quantity of MPs was discharged from coastal industrial wastewater sources, representing a significant source of microplastic pollution in the offshore environment. Among these industries, the textile printing and dyeing sector exhibited the highest MP content in the influent and effluent, with average abundances of 84.8 and 19.6 pieces/L, respectively. The paper and plastic manufacturing plants, chemical plants, and shipbuilding industries displayed comparable MP abundances in wastewater, ranging from 32.0 to 37.2 pieces/L in effluent and 10.8 to 14.6 pieces/L in effluent. Gold mining plants demonstrated the lowest MP abundance, with 23.9 pieces/L in the influent and 17.6 pieces/L in the effluent. The MPs influent from various industrial sources exhibited similar shapes and compositions, characterized by fibers (comprising 61.46%-84.48%) and demonstrated by polyethylene (PE) (constituting 53.48%-76.19%). In industrial source effluents, MPs predominantly took the form of fibers (61.46%-91.06%), were primarily blue (41.67%-58.22%), and were composed mainly of PE (16.22%-67.83%). Moreover, we observed industry-specific variations in MP size within the effluent, where the highest average proportion of MPs ≤300μm reached 28.67%, spanning from 23.96% to 35.19%. The characteristics of MPs in industrial effluents closely resemble those found in the ocean, underscoring the significant contribution of industrial discharges to marine MP pollution. This study provides a scientific foundation for researching source-sink dynamics, migration patterns, and strategies for preventing and controlling marine MPs by elucidating MP concentrations and traits in industrial effluents across representative industries near typical bays. |
| Key words: coastal of Shandong microplastics industrial wastewater characteristic |
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