| 摘要: |
| 夜光藻藻华在中国近海频频暴发，但其对海洋浮游生物种群的影响并不清楚。本文通过高通量测序分析平潭海域高密度夜光藻对近海原核和真核浮游生物群落结构与多样性的影响。结果显示，夜光藻藻华站位浮游生物物种数与多样性显著低于非藻华站位；原核生物类群中，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）在各站位中都占据绝对优势，藻华站位不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）代替非藻华站位的Yoonia-Loktanella属成为第一优势属。真核生物类群中，藻华站位甲藻门（Dinoflagellata）代替非藻华站位的节肢动物门（Arthropoda）成为第一优势门类；种水平上藻华站位桡足类拟长腹剑水蚤（Oithona similis）和小拟哲水蚤（Paracalanus parvus）的相对丰度相较于非藻华站位显著下降，但锥形平游虫（Parallelostrombidium conicum）相对丰度显著上升。相关分析结果表明藻际细菌与夜光藻呈显著正相关，如不动杆菌属、硫氧化粗杆菌属（Thioclava）、海生菌属（Marivita）、黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium）；而真核藻类，包括绿藻、硅藻和其他甲藻，大多和夜光藻呈负相关关系。研究结果表明，高密度夜光藻对海洋浮游生物群落有着显著的影响，对于原核生物，夜光藻藻际细菌成为藻华站位的主要细菌类群，并可能在藻华消退中起着关键的作用；而对于真核生物来说，夜光藻的摄食压力可能是海洋浮游植物与动物多样性显著下降的主要原因。 |
| 关键词: 有害藻华，夜光藻，浮游生物多样性，高通量测序 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金(NSFC42106203),福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2023J01495),广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室开放课题(2024KF03),广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室开放课题(2023B1212060047) |
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| High-throughput sequencing analysis on effects of Noctiluca scintillans blooms on plankton diversity in coastal waters of Pingtan, Fujian |
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Chen Long1, Li Xiaodong1, Wang Zhiyang1, Ren Kunlei1, Kang Zhenjun2, Liu Yang3, Wang Kang1, Lin Jianjie4, Wang Shiyong4
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1.Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;2.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster, Beibu Gulf University;3.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;4.Fuzhou Ocean And Fisheries Technology Center
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| Abstract: |
| Noctiluca scintillans blooms frequently occur in the coastal waters of China. However, the impact of N. scintillans on the marine planktonic community structure and diversity remains unclear. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the effects of high-density N. scintillans on the community structure and diversity of coastal planktonic organisms in the coastal waters of Pingtan, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The results showed that the number of species and diversity at the bloom station were significantly lower than those in non-bloom stations. Among prokaryotes, Proteobacteria dominated at all stations, and Acinetobacter replaced Yoonia-Loktanella at the bloom station as the dominant genus. Among eukaryotes, Dinoflagellata replaced Arthropoda at bloom stations as the dominant phylum; and the relative abundances of planktonic copepods such as Oithona similis and Paracalanus parvus at the bloom station were significantly lower than those in non-bloom stations, however, Parallelostrombidium conicum became the second most abundant species at the bloom station. Correlation analysis indicated that algal-associated bacteria (such as Acinetobacter, Thioclava, Marivita, and Flavobacterium) were highly correlated with N, scintillans, while most eukaryotic algae, including chlorophyta, diatoms, and other dinoflagellates, were negatively correlated with N, scintillan. The results demonstrated that high density of N. scintillans has a significant impact on the structure and diversity of marine planktonic organisms. For prokaryotes, algal-associated bacteria become the dominant bacterial group at bloom stations, and they may play a key role in the decline stage of N. scintillans bloom. For eukaryotes, the feeding pressure of N. scintillans may be the main reason for the significant decline in the diversity of marine phytoplankton and zooplankton. |
| Key words: Harmful algal blooms Noctiluca scintillans Plankton biodiversity High-throughput sequencing |