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| 底栖有孔虫卷转虫(Ammonia spp.)对环境磷浓度变化的分子响应机制 |
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陈婧1, 甄毓1,2,3, 米铁柱1,2,3
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1.中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266100;2.青岛海洋科技中心海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237;3.中国海洋大学 深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心, 山东 青岛 266100
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| 摘要: |
| 磷是所有生物所必需的元素, 也是海洋初级生产的限制性常量元素。底栖有孔虫作为广泛分布的一类单细胞真核原生动物, 在底栖环境中磷的储存释放和迁移转化过程中具有重要的生态学意义。本研究通过转录组分析, 探究了玻璃质有孔虫代表属卷转虫属(Ammonia)在不同浓度磷酸盐培养下的分子调控机制。根据GO和KEGG富集分析, 重点对膦酸酯和次膦酸酯代谢以及PI3K-AKT信号通路进行了表达差异分析, 并以此推测了卷转虫的磷代谢策略。在磷酸盐含量相对较低时, 卷转虫可能优先使用磷酸酯再矿化以维持细胞内磷的供应, 并促进膦酸酯的合成作为磷的储备资源。此外, 较低浓度的磷酸盐还会诱导卷转虫中与细胞周期和细胞凋亡有关的信号传导基因表达上调, 通过信号级联反应激活下游靶点, 促进脂肪酸氧化和糖酵解提供ATP, 激活细胞自噬以及诱导细胞凋亡。在磷酸盐含量相对较高时, 卷转虫会优先特异性分解2-氨基乙基膦酸酯作为氮、磷营养源, 并通过调控细胞周期、抑制细胞增殖以维持细胞稳态。本研究为底栖有孔虫对环境磷浓度变化的分子适应机制提供了新的认识。 |
| 关键词: 有孔虫 磷酸盐 转录组 膦酸酯 信号传导 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20241113002 |
| 分类号:P735 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42130410); 国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3105202) |
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| Molecular response mechanisms of benthic foraminifera Ammonia spp. to changes in environmental phosphorus concentrations |
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CHEN Jing1, ZHEN Yu1,2,3, MI Tiezhu1,2,3
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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| Abstract: |
| Phosphorus is an essential element for all living organisms and a limiting factor in marine primary productivity. As a widely distributed class of single-celled eukaryotic protozoa, benthic foraminifera play a crucial ecological role in the storage, release, migration, and transformation of phosphorus within benthic environments. This study explores the molecular regulatory mechanisms of the representative foraminifera genus, Ammonia, under varying phosphate concentrations using transcriptome analysis. We performed a differential expression analysis of key metabolic pathways, including phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism, as well as signaling cascades like the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were used to infer the phosphorus metabolism strategies utilized by Ammonia spp. When phosphate concentrations were relatively low, Ammonia spp. preferentially utilized phosphate ester remineralization to sustain their phosphorus supply and enhance the synthesis of phosphonates as a phosphorus reserve. Additionally, low phosphate concentrations upregulated genes associated with the cell cycle and apoptosis signaling. This upregulation activated downstream targets through signal transduction cascades, promoting fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis for ATP production, inducing autophagy, and triggering apoptosis. Conversely, under high phosphate conditions, Ammonia spp. favorably and specifically degraded 2-aminoethylphosphonate, serving as a dual nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient source, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis by modulating the cell cycle and limiting cell proliferation. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which benthic foraminifera adapt to alterations in environmental phosphorus concentrations. |
| Key words: foraminifera phosphate levels transcriptome phosphonate signal transduction |