| 引用本文: | 黎蔓枫,蔡添光,张钰莹,杨少森,杨育凯,黄忠,黄小林.舒氏猪齿鱼和绿尾唇鱼骨骼系统特征与比较研究[J].海洋科学,2025,49(7):53-62. |
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| 舒氏猪齿鱼和绿尾唇鱼骨骼系统特征与比较研究 |
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黎蔓枫1,2, 蔡添光3, 张钰莹1,2, 杨少森4, 杨育凯1,5, 黄忠1,5, 黄小林1,5
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1.中国水产科学研究院 南海水产研究所 深圳试验基地/国家渔业资源环境大鹏观测实验站, 广东 深圳 518121;2.广州大学 生命科学学院, 广东 广州 510006;3.深圳市海聚源水产科技有限公司, 广东 深圳 518121;4.广东省农业技术推广中心, 广东 广州 510520;5.三亚热带水产研究院/深远海养殖与加工, 海南省工程研究中心, 海南 三亚 572000
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| 摘要: |
| 为了丰富隆头鱼科鱼类在解剖学方面的资料, 本研究比较了舒氏猪齿鱼(Choerodon schoenleinii)和绿尾唇鱼(Cheilinus chlorourus)的骨骼特征。舒氏猪齿鱼和绿尾唇鱼同属鲈形目(Perciformes)隆头鱼科(Labridae), 是珊瑚礁生态系统的重要成员, 前者因体色鲜艳常作观赏鱼, 后者因肉质黏胶具高营养价值。研究表明舒氏猪齿鱼和绿尾唇鱼大部分骨骼形态相似, 仅部分骨骼形态有差异。脑颅部分: 舒氏猪齿鱼脑颅长高比约为2∶1, 脑颅上部较饱满; 绿尾唇鱼脑颅长高比约为3∶1, 脑颅上部呈梯形; 脊柱部分: 舒氏猪齿鱼有26枚脊椎骨, 绿尾唇鱼有23枚脊椎骨, 椎骨数差异可能与其体型有关, 舒氏猪齿鱼最大体长可达100 cm, 而绿尾唇鱼最大体长仅45 cm, 体型相对较小; 咽颅部分: 主要差异在上颌骨和齿骨, 舒氏猪齿鱼的上颌骨和齿骨前端的犬状齿发达, 后缘平滑, 无臼状齿群, 推测与其体型较大, 捕食主要依靠尖锐的犬状齿咬碎猎物有关; 绿尾唇鱼的上颌骨和齿骨前端仅有1枚犬状齿, 后端的臼状齿发达, 推测与其体型较小, 主要依靠自身敏捷性捕食猎物后使用臼状齿磨碎食物的捕食策略有关; 为今后深入开展隆头鱼科鱼类的系统分类和演化机制提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 隆头鱼科(Labridae) 舒氏猪齿鱼(Choerodon schoenleinii) 绿尾唇鱼(Cheilinus chlorourus) 骨骼系统 上颌骨 齿骨 |
| DOI：10.11959/hykx20250313001 |
| 分类号:S917.4 |
| 基金项目:广东省现代化海洋牧场适养品种核心技术攻关项目(2024-MRB-00-001);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2025RC07) |
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| Characteristics and comparative study of skeletal system between Choerodon schoenleinii and Cheilinus chlorourus |
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LI Manfeng1,2, CAI Tianguang3, ZHANG Yuying1,2, YANG Shaosen4, YANG Yukai1,5, HUANG Zhong1,5, HUANG Xiaolin1,5
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1.Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences National Fishery Resources and Environment Dapeng Observation and Experimental Station, Shenzhen 518121, China;2.School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;3.Shenzhen Haijuyuan Aquatic Technology Co., LTD, Shenzhen 518121, China;4.Guangdong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Guangzhou 510520, China;5.Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute/Far-reaching Marine Aquaculture and Processing, Hainan Engineering Research Center, Sanya 572000, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study compared the skeletal characteristics of Choerodon schoenleinii and Cheilinus chlorourus to enrich the anatomical data of Labridae fish. Both belong to the order Perciformes and are important members of coral reef ecosystems. The former is a common ornamental fish, displayed due to its bright color, while the sticky flesh of the latter has high nutritional value. The study results showed that most skeletal morphologies were similar between C. schoenleinii and C. chlorourus, with differences only in certain structures. The length-height ratio of the C. schoenleinii neurocranium was ~2∶1, with a plump upper part. In contrast, that of C. chlorourus was ~3∶1, with a trapezoidal upper part. C. schoenleinii had 26 vertebrae, whereas C. chlorourus had 23; this difference may be related to their maximum body lengths: C. schoenleinii can reach 100 cm, while C. chlorourus measures relatively smaller, at 45 cm. The major splanchnocranial variations occurred in the maxilla and dentary. C. schoenleinii had well-developed canine teeth at the front of its maxilla and dentary, with smooth posterior margins and no molariform tooth clusters, presumably associated with its larger size and the use of sharp canines to crush prey. In contrast, C. chlorourus had only one canine tooth at the front of its maxilla and dentary, but well-developed molariform teeth at the posterior end, which may relate to its smaller size and reliance on agility to capture the prey before grinding the food with molariform teeth. This study provides a reference for future in-depth research on the classification and evolutionary mechanisms of Labridae fish. |
| Key words: Labridae Choerodon schoenleinii Cheilinus chlorourus skeletal system maxilla dentary |
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