| 摘要: |
| 随着海洋科学研究与资源开发的深化，长期连续、组网式海洋观测成为核心需求，潜标作为关键观测设备，其高效回收是保障观测数据完整性与设备重复利用的重要环节[1]。针对海况恶劣（浪高2~4 m）或低能见度（夜间、大雾）时潜标浮出水面后搜索困难、效率低下的行业痛点，本文研发了基于船舶自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System,AIS）通讯与全球卫星导航系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)定位的潜标定位回收系统。该系统通过水密接插件与机械式压力开关实现双重开关机控制，采用尼龙材质耐压仓体设计，具备耐腐蚀性强、结构轻便等优势。经多海域航次试验、全维度性能验证及应用实践表明，该系统可将潜标搜索耗时从传统方式的2.5 h 1个缩短至0.5 h 1个以内，效率提升 80%，且单套成本仅为国外产品的 1/5，定位精度＜10 m（CEP95），能稳定适配多潜标批量部署需求，为科考船水下设备回收提供可靠技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 潜标 AIS 通讯 GNSS定位 科考船 定位回收 海洋观测网 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院重大科技基础设施维修改造项目(DSS-WXGZ-2022） |
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| Research and application on the Submerged Buoy Positioning and Recovery System Based on AIS Communication |
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ZHANG Zong-bing, CONG Shi-lei, CHEN Yang, AI Jin-teng, JIANG Jin-guang, ZHOU Wen-zao, LUAN Zhen-dong
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Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| With the deepening of marine scientific research and resource development, long-term continuous and networked ocean observation has become a core requirement. As a key observation device, the efficient retrieval of subsurface buoys is an important part of ensuring the integrity of observation data and the reuse of equipment. Addressing the industry pain points of difficulty and inefficiency in searching for subsurface buoys after they surface in harsh sea conditions (wave height of 2-4 m) or low visibility (at night or in heavy fog), this paper develops a subsurface buoy positioning an rocovery system based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) communication and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning. This system achieves dual on-off control through watertight connectors and mechanical pressure switches, and adopts a nylon-material pressure-resistant cabin design, featuring strong corrosion resistance and lightweight structure. Multi-sea area voyage tests, full-dimensional performance verification, and application practice have shown that this system can shorten the search time for subsurface buoys from 2.5 hours per buoy in the traditional method to less than 0.5 hours per buoy, improving efficiency by 80%. Moreover, the cost per unit is only 1/5 of that of foreign products, with a positioning accuracy of ≤10 m (CEP95). It can stably accommodate the batch deployment of multiple subsurface buoys, providing reliable technical support for the retrieval of underwater equipment on research vessels. |
| Key words: Subsurface buoy AIS communication GNSS positioning research vessel positioning and retrieval ocean observation network |