| 摘要: |
| 2016年以来，秦皇岛地区多次出现麻痹性贝类毒素导致的中毒事件，但对于该海域脂溶性藻毒素的污染状况仍不够了解。2020~2021年间，通过对秦皇岛近岸海域为期一年的现场采样调查，应用高效液相色谱-质谱联用手段检测了浓缩浮游植物和贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)、牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)和扇贝(Chlamys farreri)等三种贝类中脂溶性藻毒素的污染状况，并通过高通量测序手段对浮游植物样品中的潜在有毒藻种进行了分析。结果表明，在秦皇岛近海浮游植物样品和贝类中均可检出扇贝毒素-2（pectenotoxin-2, PTX2），其中2021年4~5月浓缩浮游植物样品中的PTX2毒素含量达到最高值1.36 ng/L，贝类中的PTX2毒素也主要在该时段检出，4月26日三种贝类中均可检出PTX2，含量最高达到1.10 ?g/kg。对浮游植物样品的高通量测序结果表明，样品中检测到的鳍藻序列数与毒素含量具有显著线性相关性，推测PTX2毒素主要来自样品中的渐尖鳍藻(Dinophysis accuminata)和倒卵形鳍藻(D. fortii)等。综合一年的调查结果表明，秦皇岛近岸海域的脂溶性藻毒素主要为PTX2，其污染状况在春季最高，由于贝类中PTX2毒素含量很低，引发脂溶性藻毒素中毒事件的风险较小。本文调查结果可为秦皇岛近岸海域有害藻华和藻毒素的监测研究工作提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 脂溶性藻毒素 高效液相色谱-质谱联用 贝类 中毒 |
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| 基金项目:科技部重点研发项目(2017YFC1600701,2019YFC1407901),国家自然科学(42106206),国家科技基础资源调查专项(2018FY100202)[Foundation: National Key Research and Development Program, No. 2019YFC1407901, No. 2019YFC1407901; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 42106206; Science Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China,No. 2018FY100200] |
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| Contamination status and origins of lipophilic marine toxins in Qinhuangdao coastal waters |
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SUN Hongxiao1, TANG Wenjiao2, LIU Chao1, GENG Huixia1, LIN Zhuoru1, ZHANG Qingchun1, YU Rencheng1
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1.Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;2.Ocean University of China
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| Abstract: |
| Shellfish contamination by paralytic shellfish toxins led to repeated poisonings episodes since 2016 in Qinhuangdao, but the contamination status of lipophilic marine toxins in this area remained poorly understood. In this study, year-round investigations were carried out in Qinhuangdao from 2020 to 2021. Lipophilic marine toxins in net-concentrated phytoplankton samples and three bivalve species, mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, scallop Chlamys farreri and oyster Crassostrea gigas, were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. High throughput sequencing data of phytoplankton samples were then analyzed to look for potentially toxic microalgae. Only pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2) was detected in phytoplankton and shellfish samples. PTX2 content in net-concentrated phytoplankton samples reached the highest value (1.36 ng/L) from April to May 2021. Similarly, PTX2 was detected in shellfish during this period of time, and the maximum content of PTX2 in three bivalves was 1.10 ?g/kg on April 26. There was a significant linear correlation between the OTU number representing toxic Dinophysis spp. derived from high throughput sequencing data and toxin content in net-concentrated phytoplankton. Dinoflagellates D. acuminata and D. fortii observed in phytoplankton samples by light microscope were most likely to be the origins of PTX2. The results suggest that the major lipophilic marine toxin present in Qinhuangdao coastal waters is PTX2, which reaches the highest level in spring, but the risk of poisonings associated with PTX2 is low. The results of this study will support the monitoring and research of harmful algal blooms and phycotoxins in the coastal water of Qinhuangdao. |
| Key words: lipophilic marine toxins HPLC-MS/MS shellfish poisoning |