| 摘要: |
| 采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对广西北海、福建漳港和江苏启东3个西施舌（Coelomactra antiquata (Spengler)）自然群体杂合性进行了研究。共检测分析了7个酶，获得12个位点、25个等位基因。其中4个位点是多态的，分别是Sod-1、Mdh-1、Est-1、Est-3，这些位点分别有1～7个等位基因。结果表明，福建漳港群体的Sod-1和Est-1位点、广西北海群体的Sod-1位点符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P>0.05）；江苏启东群体的多态位点中所有位点、福建漳港群体的Mdh-1、Est-3位点、广西北海群体的Mdh-1、Est-1、Est-3位点均非常显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P<0.01）。另外，除了江苏启东和福建漳港群体的Est-1位点表现出杂合子缺失（F>0）外，各群体中每个位点均表现出杂合子过量（F<0）。结合各群体中每个多态位点的观察杂合度和期望杂合度，认为中国东南沿海西施舌的种质资源状况良好。
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| 关键词: 西施舌（Coelomactra antiquata (Spengler)） 等位酶 群体 杂合性 |
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| 基金项目:福建省自然科学基金项目（B0640010）; 福建省高等教育新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目（闽教科〔2006〕35 号）; 福建省高校水产科学技术与食品安全重点实验室基金项目（2007J202）; 集美大学创新团队基金项目（2007A001） |
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| Heterozygosity in 3 natural stocks of Coelmomactra antiquata (Spengler) |
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WANG Zhan-lin,LI Zhong-bao,ZHANG Gui-ling,CHEN Jin,ZHAO Bin-li,WU Ning,LIN Xiao-yun
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| Abstract: |
| Heterozygosity was investigated using an assay of vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in three Coelmomactra antiquate stocks from three sites: Beihai (Guangxi Province), Zhanggang (Fujian Province), Qidong (Jiangsu Province). 7 allozymes were detected, and got 12 allozyme loci, 25 alleles, 4 loci (Sod-1,Mdh-1,Est-1,Est-3) with 1-7 alleles which are polymorphic. The results showed that the genetypic distribution observed at Sod-1, Est-1 in Zhanggang stock and Sod-1 in Beihai stock were corresponded with the Hardy-Wemberg equilibrium (P>0.05). But other loci in the three stocks were significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.01). There was heterozygote deficiency existed in Est-1 in Qidong and Zhanggang stock (F>0), and heterozygote excess existed in other loci in the three stocks (F<0). The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity per polymorphic locus per stock indicated that the germplasm resources of three C. antiquate stocks were good.
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| Key words: Coelmomactra antiquata (Spengler) allozyme natural stock heterozygosity |
