| 摘要: |
| 为更好地利用交尾雌虾, 采用温差刺激、药物刺激对养殖交尾雌虾和海捕交尾雌虾进行蜕皮实验, 使交尾雌虾的精荚随蜕皮而脱落, 然后对蜕皮对虾再次进行精荚移植, 来建立特定杂交组合的中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)家系。实验结果表明, 养殖交尾雌虾蜕皮实验中, 在只有温差刺激的条件下, 对虾蜕皮率为30％, 且对虾成活率为100%, 说明温差刺激在保持对虾较高存活率的情况下,可以促使中国对虾蜕皮; 在温差刺激的基础上进行药物刺激, 不同茶籽饼质量浓度梯度下对虾的蜕皮率存在显著差异, 且随着药物浓度的增加, 对虾蜕皮率也随之增加, 3个茶籽饼质量浓度(30, 60, 90 g/m3)下的对虾蜕皮率分别为40%, 60%, 70%, 茶籽饼质量浓度为0的对虾蜕皮率与60, 90 g/m3质量浓度下的对虾蜕皮率存在显著差异(P<0.05); 从对虾的死亡情况看, 当药物质量浓度达到90 g/m3时, 对虾出现死亡, 经x2检验表明, 90 g/m3质量浓度与0～60 g/m3质量浓度下的对虾死亡率存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在海捕交尾雌虾蜕皮实验中, 对虾蜕皮率不高, 只有在药物质量浓度为30, 90 g/m3条件下才有对虾蜕皮, 蜕皮率仅为20%, 10%; 每个药物浓度下均有对虾死亡, 死亡率随着茶籽饼质量浓度升高而升高, 不同药物浓度下的对虾死亡率存在显著差异。对蜕皮后雌虾进行精荚移植, 共获得18个中国对虾家系, 平均受精率和平均孵化率分别为51.2%, 88.6%。本研究通过对交尾雌虾进行蜕皮后再交尾,获得了不同杂交组合的中国对虾家系, 为进一步的中国对虾家系选育工作打下了基础。 |
| 关键词: 中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis) 蜕皮 精荚移植 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划(863 计划)项目(2006AA10A406);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803012) |
|
| Molting and artificial insemination of mated Fenneropenaeus chinensis |
|
LUO Kun,ZHANG Qing-wen,ZHANG Tian-shi,KONG Jie
|
| Abstract: |
| In order to get more directional mated shrimps of different populations of Fenneropenaeus chinensis, temperature and chemical stimulation were used to spur cultured or wild mated shrimps to molt, and then constructing families by the method of artificial insemination among different populations. For cultured mated shrimps under the temperature stimulation condition, the molting rate was 30% and the survival rate was 100%, indicating that temperature stimulation was effective to the molting of shrimps. Chemical stimulation was used in addition to temperature stimulation. With increasing concentrations of teacake (30, 60, and 90 g/m3), the molting rate was also increased (40%, 60%, and 70%, respectively). The molting rate of control group was significantly different from that of the group treated with 60 or 90 g/m3 teacake (P<0.05). In the presence of teacake (90 g/m3), shrimps began to die; and results of x2 test of death rate showed that there was significant differences between the 90 g/m3 group and other groups (P<0.05). For wild mated shrimps, the molting rate was low, in the presence of 30 or 90 g/m3 teacake, the molting rate was only 20% or 10%, respectively. As the concentration increased, the death rate was also increasing, and the death rates were significantly different among four concentrations. Spermatophore transplantation was used in artificial insemination of molted shrimps to produce 18 families. The average fertilization rate and average hatching rate were 51.2% and 88.6%, respectively. The results indicate that it is feasible to construct families by stimulating shrimps to molt and artificial insemination, which has important significance to the breeding program of F. chinensis. |
| Key words: Fenneropenaeus chinensis molting artificial insemination |
