| 摘要: |
| 驯化野生黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)作为亲鱼, 自然受精, 通过溢水法收集发育同步的受精卵。受精卵孵化条件为水温(21.0±0.5)℃, 盐度32～33, pH7.8～8.2, 微充气。在奥林巴斯SZ61 解剖镜下对黑棘鲷的胚胎发育进行观察, 并使用CCD 图像传感器拍照, 描述了各发育时期的发育时序和形态特征。黑棘鲷受精卵为圆球形端黄卵, 单油球, 卵膜薄、局部具龟裂结构, 卵子直径0.84～0.98 mm,n=30, 卵黄均匀透明。其胚胎发育可分为胚盘形成期、卵裂期、桑椹期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官发生期、尾芽期、肌肉效应期。在水温(21.0±0.5)℃, 盐度32～33 的条件下, 受精卵历时32 h 完成孵化。在黑棘鲷胚胎发育过程中, 发现部分卵子具两个油球, 卵黄囊膜较脆弱, 心脏附近具有类似于柯氏囊的囊泡存在。另外, 高温(25℃)在大大缩短孵化时间的同时, 增加了胚胎的畸形率和死亡率。 |
| 关键词: 黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii) 胚胎发育 柯氏囊 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:农业部948 项目(2011-z39); 山东省农业良种工程项目 |
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| Observation of embryonic development of Acanthopagrus schlegelii |
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| Abstract: |
| The naturally fertilized eggs of wild broodstock, Acanthopagrus schlegelii were collected by the flooding method in order to obtain developmentally synchronized embryos. The fertilized eggs were incubated in filtered sea water under subtle aerated conditions (salinity 32～33, 21.0 ℃± 0.5 ℃,and pH 7.8～8.2). The ontogenetic embryos were observed by Olympus SZ-61 microscope, the duration of every developmental stage was recorded, and the characteristic images were taken using a charge-coupled device (CCD). The fertilized eggs had globular, single oil globule and thin egg membrane, and the diameters of the eggs were in the range of 0.84 to 0.98 mm (n=30). During embryonic development, the main ontogenetic stages include blastodisc forming stage, cleavage stage, morula stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, neurulation stage, organogenesis stage, tail bud stage, and heart beating stage. The time-table of major embryonic development stages was as follows: blastodisc forming stage at 40 m post fertilization; 4-cell stage at 1 h and 20min pf; morula at 3 h and 30 m pf; low blastula stage at 6 h 40 m pf; early gastrula stage at 7 h 20 min pf; late gastrula at 13 h pf; blastopore closing stage at 14 h 20 min pf; tail bud stage at 22 h 10 min pf; embryo movement at 28 h pf; 50% hatching stage at 32 h pf. High temperature (25℃) shortened the hatching period, but significantly increased embryo mortality rates and deformity rates. |
| Key words: Acanthopagrus schlegelii embryonic development Kupffer’s vesicle |
