| 摘要: |
| 根据2012年春季和10月在乐清湾口海域开展渔业资源调查所获甲壳动物资料, 对乐清湾口海域的甲壳动物的种类组成、优势种、物种数量分布、生物多样性和群落结构相似性等群落结构特征及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明, 调查海域共鉴定出34种甲壳动物, 隶属于2目17科23属, 春季优势种仅有三疣梭子蟹1种, 秋季为日本、口虾蛄、中华管鞭虾、三疣梭子蟹4种, 两季优势种更替较显著; 秋季物种数较春季丰富, 调查水域中心区域物种数较多; 秋季甲壳动物生物多样性指数高于春季;甲壳动物群落结构与海洋环境密切相关。乐清湾口海域的甲壳动物以季节性的广温低盐种类为主, 该海域位于河口, 受瓯江径流影响较大; 春季受瓯江径流淡水水团影响, 物种较少, 而秋季受交汇水团影响,物种丰富; 春秋季组内并无明显规律, 地形、水深和水系等外部因素对甲壳动物群落结构影响较大。 |
| 关键词: 甲壳动物 生物多样性 群落结构 乐清湾口海域 |
| DOI：10.11759//hykx20150909001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31270527); 企业委托项目(2012.03-2013.03) |
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| The study of community structure of crustaceans in Yueqing Bay during spring and autumn |
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XIA Lu-jun,ZHOU Qing-song,YU Cun-gen,SONG Wei-hua,ZHENG Ji,BI Si-yao,XIE Xu,LI De-wei,YE Shen
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| Abstract: |
| Crustacean data based on comprehensive fishery resource surveys were gathered in spring and autumn of 2012 in the mouth of Yueqing Bay, and the species composition, dominance, spatial distribution of species, biological diversity, and similarities of shrimp communities were studied as well as the influential factors in the mouth of Yueqing Bay. The result showed a total of 34 species, which belonged to 23 genera in 17 families of 2 orders. The only dominant species was Portunus trituberculatus in spring, and the dominant species were Charybdis japonica, Oratosquilla oratoria, Hippolysmata ensirostris, and Portunus trituberculatus in autumn. The seasonal variation in the dominant species’ seasonal succession phenomenon was very obvious in spring and autumn: the number of species in autumn was higher than in spring; moreover, the species diversity in the center zone was higher than in other places in the survey sea. The biodiversity indices in spring were lower than in autumn, and the community structure of crustaceans had a good relation with the marine environment. The crustaceans species types mainly belonged to seasonal, eurythermic, and oligohalabous in the mouth of Yueqing Bay, because this area is adjacent to the Oujiang estuary, which has much running water. Crustaceans have fewer species because of the freshwater coming from Oujiang in spring; on the contrary, the species diversity is larger when the water masses flow together in autumn. External factors, such as terrain, water depth, and the water system have a greater influence on the community structure. |
| Key words: crustaceans biological diversity community structure Yueqing Bay mouth |
