| 摘要: |
| 2013年5月对辽东湾中部的大型底栖生物进行了调查, 分析了该海域底栖生物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。调查海域共发现大型底栖生物70种, 包括多毛类24种, 甲壳类18种, 软体动物20种, 棘皮动物7种, 纽虫1种。相对重要性指数大于100的种类有14种, 排名前3位的分别是日本游泳水虱、毛蚶、日本长尾虫。底栖动物丰度平均值为244.2个/m2, 生物量为52.52 g/m2, 棘皮动物是生物量的重要贡献者。多样性指数平均值为3.24, 丰度生物量比较曲线分析结果认为调查海域大型底栖动物群落未受到干扰, 底栖生物群落的结构相似性较低, 在20%的相似程度上可分为5 个组。底层水中溶解氧含量是影响底栖生物的主要因素, 不同底质条件是影响底栖生物生物量和群落结构的重要因素。 |
| 关键词: 辽东湾 大型底栖生物 群落结构 多样性 环境因子 |
| DOI：10.11759//hykx20140311004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家863 计划项目(No.2007AA092101); 北海分局海洋科技项目(2014B12) |
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| Macrobenthos community and environmental factors in the middle waters of Liaodong Bay in spring |
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ZHANG Xiao-ju,DING Long,FENG Chun-hui
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| Abstract: |
| Macrobenthos was investigated in the middle waters of Liaodong Bay in May 2013. The species composition, abundance, biomass, community structure, and relationship with environmental factors of macrobenthos were analyzed. In total, 70 species were identified in the research region, including 24 species of Polychaeta, 18 species of Crustacea, 20 species of Mollusca, 7 species of Echinoderms and 1 species of Nemerteans. The indexes of relative importance were greater than 100 of 14 species. The top of three were Natatolana japonensis, Scapharca subcrenata, and Aspeudes nipponicus. The average abundance of macrobenthos was 244.2 ind./m2, and the average biomass was 52.52 g/m2. Echinoderms were important contributors to biomass.The average biodiversity index of macrobenthos were 3.24. ABC (abundance/biomass comparison), revealing that macrobenthos communities were undisturbed in the research region. The structural similarity of the macrobenthos community was at a low level. The macrobenthos communities could be divided into five groups with 20% similarity. Dissolved oxygen content in bottom waters was an important factor affecting the abundance of macrobenthos. Different sediment conditions were important factors affecting macrobenthos biomass and community structure. |
| Key words: Liaodong Bay macrobenthos community structure biodiversity environmental factors |
