| 摘要: |
| 采用室内受控方法研究了水温(14、16、18、20、22、24、26 和28℃)和盐度(22、24、26、28、30、32、34、36、38 和40)对皱纹盘鲍变态及变态幼体生长存活的影响。结果表明, 水温对变态率、变态幼体存活率和生长率的影响极显著(P<0.01)。14～28℃条件下, 随着水温的升高, 幼体变态率、变态幼体存活率和生长率均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。24℃时变态率最高, 为86.05%; 18℃时, 变态幼体存活率最高, 为96.00%; 26℃时, 投苗6 d内的壳长、壳宽生长率最大, 分别为48.49 μm/d和43.81 μm/d;投苗15 d内的壳长、壳宽生长率最大, 分别为68.06 μm/d和59.69 μm/d。盐度对皱纹盘鲍变态率及变态幼体生长率的影响极显著(P<0.01), 对幼体存活率却无显著影响(P>0.05)。22～40盐度条件下, 幼体变态率先升高后降低, 于32达最大值, 为79.23%; 变态的盐度下限为22, 该盐度下仅有2.21%的个体能够完成变态。26～40条件下, 变态幼体存活率均高达85%以上; 随着盐度的升高, 变态幼体生长率先升高后降低。投苗6 d内壳长、壳宽生长率均于34达最大值, 分别为32.03 μm/d和25.20 μm/d; 投苗15 d内壳长、壳宽生长率分别于34和32达最大值, 为43.03 μm/d和39.00 μm/d。 |
| 关键词: 皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai Ino) 水温 盐度 变态率 生长存活 |
| DOI：10.11759//hykx20150107003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2012AA10A412) |
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| Effects of water temperature and salinity on metamorphosis, post-larval survival, and growth of the sixth generation of “97” selective breeding population of Haliotis discus hannai Ino |
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KONG Ning,LIAN Jian-wu,XUE Yan-jie,ZHONG Zhao-shan,LI Peng,LIU Xiao
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| Abstract: |
| The effects of water temperature and salinity on metamorphosis, post-larval survival, and growth of Haliotis discus hannai Ino were explored in this study. In the temperature experiment, the animals were reared at eight water temperatures of 14 , 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 , 26, and 28℃. The results illustrated that the water temperature considerably influenced the metamorphosis rate, post-larval survival, and growth of H. discus hannai Ino (P<0.01). At 14～28℃, the metamorphosis, post-larval survival, and growth rates were first increased and subsequently decreased. The metamorphosis rate reached its peak at 24℃ with a value of 86.05%. The best post-larval survival was obtained at 18℃ with a value of 96.00%. The optimal water temperature for post-larval growth was 26℃, at which the growth rates of shell length and shell width within 6 days after casting were 48.49 and 43.81 μm/d, respectively, and the two growth rates within 15 days after casting were 68.06 and 59.69 μm/d, respectively. In the salinity experiment, animals were reared at 10 salinities of 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40. The salinity considerably affected the metamorphosis rate and post-larval growth (P<0.01); however, it had no impact on post-larval survival (P>0.05). At 22～40, the metamorphosis rate first increased and subsequently decreased, reaching its peak at 32 with a value of 79.23%. The lower salinity limit of metamorphosis was 22, at which only 2.21% of individuals could complete metamorphosis. At 26～40, the post-larval survival rate was above 85%. Within this range, the growth rate first increased and subsequently decreased. Maximum growth rates of shell length and shell width within 6 days after casting were obtained at 34, with values of 32.03 and 25.20 μm/d, respectively. The growth rates of shell length and shell width within 15 days after casting reached their peak at 34 and 32, respectively, with values of 43.03 and 39.00 μm/d. |
| Key words: Haliotis discus hannai Ino water temperature salinity metamorphosis rate survival and growth |
