| 摘要: |
| 为探讨斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)在低盐水体下最适的摄食水平, 在水体盐度12、温度28℃±1℃的条件下, 作者投喂人工配合饲料, 研究了不同摄食水平(分别为体质量的2.36%、2.83%、3.31%、3.79%、4.25%及饱食)对斜带石斑鱼幼鱼(初始体质量为29.28 g±2.63 g)生长和能量收支的影响,并建立了生长-摄食关系和不同摄食水平下的能量收支方程。结果表明, 在低盐下幼鱼鱼体粗蛋白及灰分含量在各摄食水平组间无显著差异(P>0.05); 脂肪含量在3.79%、4.25%及饱食组显著高于其他摄食水平组(P<0.05); 干物质含量在4.25%、饱食组显著高于其他摄食水平组(P<0.05); 能量含量随摄食水平降低而下降。摄食水平对幼鱼摄食率有显著影响(P<0.05)且随摄食水平的降低而下降。幼鱼湿质量特定生长率、干质量特定生长率、蛋白特定生长率、能量特定生长率均随着摄食水平的增加而增加。特定生长率与摄食水平呈减速增长曲线关系, 可用对数方程描述。幼鱼饲料湿质量转化效率、饲料干质量转化效率、饲料蛋白转化效率均随摄食水平的增加先增大后减少的变化, 在3.79%组达到最大值,饲料能量转化效率随摄食水平的增加呈一直增加, 在饱食组达到最大值。随着摄食水平的增加, 生长能(G)呈先升后降的变化, 在3.79%组有最大值, 与摄食水平之间可用一元二次方程表述; 排粪能(F)与排泄能(U)呈一直增大的变化, 在饱食组有最大值, 与摄食水平之间均可用线性方程表述; 代谢能(R)则呈降低并逐渐趋于平稳的变化。在3.79%组, 幼鱼获得最佳的能量收支方程为: 100.00C=12.29F+13.73U+31.33R+42.65G。综合考虑认为, 斜带石斑鱼幼鱼在低盐水体下最适的摄食水平为体质量的3.79%。 |
| 关键词: 摄食水平 斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides) 生长 能量收支 低盐水体 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx 20151106003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东高校优秀青年创新人才培养计划项目(2013LYM0038);广东省海洋与渔业科技项目(A2009-08D03、A2010-08D04); 广东海洋大学“创新强校工程”项目(GDOU2016050251); 广东海洋大学科研启动费项目(E15183) |
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| Effect of feeding level on the growth and energy budgets of Epinephelus coioides juveniles cultured in low-salt water |
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HUANG Jian-sheng,WANG An-li,CHEN Gang,ZHANG Jian-dong,WANG Zhong-liang,TANG Bao-gui
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| Abstract: |
| In this paper, we investigate the optimal feeding level of Epinephelus coioides juveniles cultured in low-salt water. We observed the effects of feeding levels (satiation, 4.25%, 3.79%, 3.31%, 2.83%, and 2.36%) on the growth and energy budget of these E. coioides juveniles (initial body weight 29.28 ± 2.63 g) cultured in low-salt water (salinity 12) at a temperature of 28 ±1℃; we fed them a formula diet and established the relationship between specific growth rate (SGR), feeding levels, and the energy budget. The results reveal that there was no significant difference in crude protein and ash contents in the groups of juveniles with P > 0.05. The lipid contents of 3.79%, 4.25%, and satiation were significantly higher than those in the other feeding levels (P < 0.05) after culturing for 56 d. The dry matter contents in the 4.25% and satiation groups were higher than those in the other groups. The energy content decreased significantly with a decrease in feeding levels. The feeding ratio of the juveniles was significantly affected by the feeding levels (P < 0.05), and it decreased with a decrease in feeding levels. The specific growth rate in wet weight, dry weight, protein weight, and energy weight increased significantly with feeding levels. We found a logarithmic relationship between SGR and feeding levels. The feed conversion efficiency in wet weight, dry weight, and protein weight first increased and then decreased as feeding levels increased, and the maximum values were observed in the 3.79% group. However, the feed conversion efficiency in energy weight increased with feeding levels, and the maximum value was observed in the satiation group. With increasing feeding levels, the growth energy content (G) of the juveniles first increased and then decreased, and a quadratic relationship was found between G and the feeding levels. With increasing feeding levels, feces energy content (F) and excretion energy content (U) increased, and the maximum values were observed in the satiation group. There was a linear relationship between F, U, and the feeding levels. As the feeding levels increased, the metabolism energy content (R) of the juveniles decreased and tended toward stability. The maximum G was observed in the 3.79% group, and the optimal energy equation was 100.00 C = 12.29 F + 13.73 U + 31.33 R + 42.65 G. We consider the optimal feeding level to be 3.79% of the body weight of E. coioides juveniles cultured in low-salt water. |
| Key words: Feeding levels Epinephelus coioides growth energy budget low-salt water |
