引用本文:	李晓静,周政权,陈琳琳,李宝泉,刘甜甜,艾冰花,杨陆飞,刘博,王诗帅.渤海湾曹妃甸围填海工程对大型底栖动物群落的影响.海洋与湖沼,2017,48(3):617-627.

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渤海湾曹妃甸围填海工程对大型底栖动物群落的影响
李晓静^1,2, 周政权^1,2, 陈琳琳¹, 李宝泉¹, 刘甜甜³, 艾冰花¹, 杨陆飞⁴, 刘博⁴, 王诗帅⁵
1.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所烟台 264003;2.中国科学院大学北京 100049;3.浙江海洋大学舟山 316022;4.烟台大学烟台 264003;5.莱州市渔政渔港监督管理站莱州 261400

摘要:

为研究渤海湾围填海工程对附近海域大型底栖动物群落的影响，利用2013年秋季和2014年春季调查数据，对渤海湾附近海域大型底栖动物群落的物种数、总平均丰度、总平均生物量和生物多样性指数进行分析。结果发现，调查区域的优势类群为多毛类，优势种为凸壳肌蛤（Musculus senhousia）和日本倍棘蛇尾（Amphioplus japonicas），这与渤海湾大型底栖动物群落优势种单一和物种小型化的特征相符。曹妃甸围填海海域与邻近海域的大型底栖动物群落物种数、丰度、生物量和多样性指数均没有显著差异。2014年春季较2013年秋季的大型底栖动物群落多样性稍有所提高，这可能是围填海工程放缓和阶段性施工结束后生物群落在缓慢的恢复。ABC曲线（Abundance/Biomass Curves）分析表明渤海湾大型底栖动物群落均已受到中等程度干扰；M-AMBI指数分析发现曹妃甸围填海区大型底栖动物群落健康状况较差。结合渤海湾围填海面积和历史数据，发现围填海等人类活动已对渤海湾生态环境和大型底栖动物群落造成了不同程度的影响，导致该区域的生态系统受损。受损生态系统的完全恢复需要漫长的过程，受损大型底栖动物群落的次生演替也需要较长的时间，短时间内不会有明显的改善。

关键词: 大型底栖动物群落结构围填海工程渤海湾曹妃甸人为干扰

DOI：10.11693/hyhz20161200292

分类号:Q178

基金项目:中国科学院院重点部署项目，KZZD-EW-14号；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项，XDA11020403号，XDA11020702号；中国科学院科技服务网络计划（STS计划），KFJ-EW-STS-127号。

附件

EFFECT OF COASTAL RECLAMATION ON BENTHIC MACROFAUNA IN COASTAL AREA OF CAOFEIDIAN, BOHAI BAY

LI Xiao-Jing^1,2, ZHOU Zheng-Quan^1,2, CHEN Lin-Lin¹, LI Bao-Quan¹, LIU Tian-Tian³, AI Bing-Hua¹, YANG Lu-Fei⁴, LIU Bo⁴, WANG Shi-Shuai⁵

1.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;4.Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China;5.Fishery and Fishing Harbor Administration Station of Laizhou, Laizhou 261400, China

Abstract:

To investigate the impact of coastal reclamation on benthic macrofauna, its community characters, as indicated by species number, abundance, biomass, and biodiversity indices were analyzed based on the samples collected in two surveys of autumn 2013 and spring 2014 in Caofeidian coastal waters, Bohai Bay. The dominant species were Musculus senhousei and Amphioplus japonicas, and showed the same tendency of miniaturization on individual body size, simplicity composition of dominant species, and community structure. All these indicators to the macrobenthos community in the waters of Caofeidian area were similar to adjacent waters' in the two surveys, except for the biodiversity indices, higher in spring 2014 than that of 2013 autumn, which indicated a slow recovery of the macrofauna. In addition, the macrofauna was undergone moderate disturbance as indicated by the ABC curves (abundance/biomass curves), and the health status of Caofeidian area was worse than other areas' as indicated in M-AMBI analysis. The coastal reclamation activities in history have shown a negative impact on the microbenthic inhabitants. As the local environment has been damaged and the fauna affected in different degrees, the normal states of them are expected to recover in hope; however, it will be a long term course.

Key words: macrobenthos community structure sea reclamation Bohai Bay Caofeidian anthropogenic disturbance