| 摘要: |
| 本文以中型浮游动物成体为研究对象，通过在大亚湾实验站附近一个采样点连续两年的野外调查和现场摄食实验，分析大亚湾近岸富营养化海域中型浮游动物的群落特征，及其对浮游植物的选择摄食特性。结果表明：2015—2017年实验站附近中型浮游动物的总丰度在冬季达到最高，其次为春、秋和夏季；其优势种大多是滤食性桡足类，如锥形宽水蚤（Temora turbinata）、中华哲水蚤（Calanus sinicus）等，中型浮游动物的摄食特性与优势种摄食行为有很大的相关性。中型浮游动物群落更偏好于粒径较大的小型浮游植物（20—200μm），而对微型（2—20μm）或超微型浮游植物（0.7—2μm）的摄食影响较小，甚至会因为选择性摄食对这两种类型的浮游植物的生长有间接促进作用。且中型浮游动物的摄食选择性具有明显的季节性，除每个季节均倾向于摄食甲藻和青绿藻。除此之外，在春季偏好于定鞭藻和隐藻，夏季偏好于定鞭藻和绿藻，秋季偏好于硅藻、隐藻和聚球藻。尽管硅藻的生物量在调查期间平均约占总浮游植物类群的50%，但是中型浮游动物并不主动摄食硅藻，而更偏爱生物量低但营养较高的甲藻。总体上，中型浮游动物虽然对浮游植物有一定的摄食，但其植食性较弱，不能对浮游植物的生物量进行有效控制。 |
| 关键词: 大亚湾 中型浮游动物 选择性摄食 分级叶绿素 浮游植物类群 植食性 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180100020 |
| 分类号:Q958.8;Q948 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，41306168号；海洋公益性行业专项经费资助项目，201105007-4号；国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金，MESE-2015-05号；浙江省重大科技攻关项目，2006C13089号；浙江省环体厅科研任务，2016A012号；宁波市科技局资助项目，2008C50027号。 |
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| THE MESOZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND THEIR HERBIVORY IN DAYA BAY |
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LI You-Mai1,2, HAN Liu-Yu2, CHEN Mian-Run2, TONG Meng-Meng1
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1.Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China;2.South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research, Guangzhou 510300, China
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| Abstract: |
| The structure and feeding behavior of the mesozooplankton adults community in Daya Bay, Guangdong, South China was studied based on a two-year field investigation. The results show that the maximum mesozooplankton abundance during 2015 to 2017 occurred in the winter, following by spring, autumn, and summer in turn, dominated by filter-feeding species, such as Temora turbinata and Calanus sinicus. The grazing behavior of the mesozooplankton depended much on the dominant species. The dominant filter-feeding species exhibited great preference on microphytoplankton (20-200μm), but not on nano-(2-20μm) and pico-phytoplankton (0.7-2μm) resulting to the increase of biomass of nano-and pico-phytoplankton. Furthermore, seasonally selective feeding of mesozooplankton was observed. Dinoflagellates and prasinophytes were the most preferred phytoplankton groups for the mesozooplankton in the bay in all seasons. In addition, haptophytes and cryptophytes were the supplementary prey for the mesozooplankton in spring; haptophyta and prasinophytes in summer; and diatoms, cryptophytes, and Synechococcus in autumn. Diatoms were not the preferred prey for mesozooplankton in Daya Bay, even the biomass reached nearly 50% during the investigation period. In contrast, dinoflagellates, which were considered as rich in nutrition, were selected as prey even when in low biomass. Overall, the grazing pressure of the mesozooplankton had a limited effect and weak control on the biomass of phytoplankton in Daya Bay. |
| Key words: Daya Bay mesozooplankton selective feeding size-fractionated chlorophyll phytoplankton groups herbivory |
