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| 苏北浅滩沉积物中的大型绿藻微观繁殖体的垂直分布和物种多样性 |
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刘峰1,2,3, 刘兴凤1, 金柘1, 于仁成1,3, 孔凡洲1,3, 颜天1,3
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所 实验海洋生物学重点实验室 海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室 海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室 青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究通过在2017年秋冬季组织实施的2个绿潮种源调查航次，研究苏北浅滩紫菜养殖区沉积物中的大型绿藻微观繁殖体的垂直分布和物种多样性。对沉积物中的微观繁殖体的定量实验结果表明：表层泥样中绿藻微观繁殖体的丰度最高，随着深度的增加迅速降低。在9月份表层沉积物中丰度为9±2ind./g，而在11月份表层丰度达到98±25ind./g；与9月份相比，11月份浅滩沉积物中绿藻繁殖体数量呈现出显著升高的趋势。通过对51个绿藻样品的分子鉴定发现：沉积物中存在石莼属（Ulva）、尾孢藻属（Urospora）、盘苔属（Blidingia）等大型绿藻的微观繁殖体；数量占优是石莼属繁殖体，主要包括曲浒苔（Ulva flexuosa）、浒苔（Ulva prolifera）、扁浒苔（Ulva compressa）、缘管浒苔（Ulva linza）；其中曲浒苔占据的比例最高，在9和11月份分别达到80.94%和73.33%。在2个调查航次中，都从沉积物中发现了绿潮浒苔的微观繁殖体，这些微观繁殖体是绿潮浒苔在苏北浅滩种源维持的重要方式和关键阶段，也构成了黄海浒苔绿潮连年暴发的“种子库”。 |
| 关键词: 绿潮 浒苔 微观繁殖体 苏北浅滩 沉积物 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180200030 |
| 分类号:Q178.1;X171;X55 |
| 基金项目:青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目，2016ASKJ02号；国家自然科学基金项目，41876165号；中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目，QYZDB-SSW-DQC023号；中国科学院青年创新促进会基金，2015164号；海洋赤潮灾害立体监测技术与应用国家海洋局重点实验室开放研究基金，MATHAB201701号。 |
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| VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF MICROSCOPIC PROPAGULES OF GREEN MACROALGAE IN SEDIMENTS OF SUBEI SHOAL, CHINA |
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LIU Feng1,2,3, LIU Xing-Feng1, JIN Zhe1, YU Ren-Cheng1,3, KONG Fan-Zhou1,3, YAN Tian1,3
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| The vertical distribution and species diversity of microscopic propagules of green macroalgae in the sediments of Subei Shoal, China were investigated in two cruises in autumn and winter 2017 to understand the seed source of green tides in the Yellow Sea. The Subei Shoal was the area where large-scale Pyropia cultivation rafts distributed. Quantitative analyses on microscopic propagules indicated that the abundance of microscopic propagules was the highest in the surface sediment and decreased sharply with the increase of sediment depth. The abundance of microscopic propagules in surface sediment was 9±2ind./g in the September and 98±25ind./g in the November. The number of microscopic propagules in the sediment displayed a significant rising trend in the November compared with that in the September. Molecular data on species identification of 51 algal samples showed that green macroalgal propagules from Ulva, Urospora and Blidingia were detected in the sediment, and the propagules of Ulva flexuosa were dominant in quantity compared to the low abundance of Ulva prolifera, Ulva compressa, and Ulva linza. The microscopic propagules of the green tide-forming alga U. prolifera were detected in the sediment from the two cruises; the propagules played a key role in species maintenance and annual green tide cycle, indicating that the microscopic propagules functioned as a "seed bank" for the continuous occurrence of green tides in the areas of the Yellow Sea. |
| Key words: green tide Ulva prolifera microscopic propagule Subei Shoal sediment |