| 摘要: |
| 于1989年5月－1990年4月间在罗纳河下游按月采集悬浮物样品，并用X－射线衍射法分析其中的矿物学组成。结果表明，石英、长石、方解石是碎屑矿物的主要成分，在粘土中伊利石、绿泥石及高岭石是常见的矿物。这种矿物学组成特点与流域盆地中占主体的花岗岩与碳酸盐岩风化相适应2同中国的黄河、长江及大辽河相比较，发现它们在矿物组合方面比较相似，尽管河流之间在矿物约对含量上会有显著的差别。这种情况表明，流域盆地的风化特点是影响悬浮物矿物学组成的最重要因素。作为一种模式，世界上大河流的风化作用指数随着降雨量而增加2随着从寒冷干燥向热带湿润的气候带过渡，河流悬浮物的化学成熟度逐渐增加。 |
| 关键词: 罗纳河 黄河 长江 大辽河 矿物组成 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助，49000061号 |
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| ANALYSIS ON THE MINERAL COMPOSITIONS OF SUSPENDED MATTER FROM RHONE AND SOME MAIN CHINESE RIVERS |
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Wang Wenzheng1, Zhang Jing2
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1.Centre of Analysis, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003;2.Department of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003
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| Abstract: |
| Suspended matter from the lower reaches of the Rhone River were taken monthly between May 1989 and April 1990. Samples were analysed with X-ray deffraction method to determine mineral compositions for comparison with data from some large chinese rivers (Huanghe, Changjiang and Daliaohe Rivers et al.,) in order to better understand the control of weathering features from individual drainage areas over riverine sediment compositions. Quartz, feldspar and calcite are major components of coarse sediments in the Rhone, while illite, chlorite and kaolinite are quite common in calys. The mineral assemblage of the Rhone and chinese rivers are similar, although the absolute contents of minerals from individual rivers are highly variable. This implies the general control of weathering features in watersheds over the river sediment compositions. As an example, the weathering indices (WI) of rivers are closely related to the rainfall over the drainage areas, which indicates the increase of chemical maturity of soils along with the transition from cold and arid to tropical climates. |
| Key words: Rhone River, Huanghe River, Changjiang River, Daliaohe River, Mineral composition |
