| 摘要: |
| 根据2003年5月—2004年9月胶州湾浮游生物浅水Ⅰ型网中水母的调查资料,分析了胶州湾水母类优势种丰度的季节变化及水平分布。结果表明,对于优势度最大的优势种,半球美螅水母一年中有6月和9(8)月两个丰度高峰,2003年6月丰度最高,达29.5ind/m3,占当月水母总丰度的47.2%;薮枝螅水母一年中有9(8)月份和4月份两个丰度高峰,2003年9月份的丰度最高,达12.9ind/m3,占当月水母总丰度的17.4%,4月份该种的丰度占水母总丰度的93.1%;五角水母在9月份丰度高达28.8ind/m3,占当月水母总丰度的38.7%;八斑芮氏水母23、月份的丰度均很高,分别为64.7ind/m3、118.0ind/m3,分别占水母总平均丰度的99.5%和98.0%。对于优势度较小的优势种:四枝管水母、日本真瘤水母、四手触丝水母,真拟杯水母和锡兰和平水母,由于在个别月份占优势,其丰度高低随种类的不同及所在月份的不同而不同。就丰度水平分布来讲,不同优势种类的分布不同时间有所不同,但其丰度分布大都倾向于以湾顶区、湾西部、湾东北部、东部港口沿岸、黄岛沿岸为密集中心。 |
| 关键词: 胶州湾 水母 优势种 丰度 时空分布 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目,KZCX3-SW-214号;青岛市科技局科技计划项目,04-3-HH-42;中国科学院资源环境领域野外台站研究基金项目,2005—2008 |
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| ECOLOGY OF MEDUSAE IN JIAOZHOU BAY Ⅱ.SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF DOMINANT SPECIES |
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ZHANG Fang1,2, YANG Bo3, ZHANG Guang-Tao3
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1.Key Lab of Marine Ecology & Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao,266071;2.Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100039;3.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao,266071
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| Abstract: |
| In recent years, jellyfish bloom appeared frequently in coastal areas around the world. Increase of jellyfish biomass was thought having a great influence on zooplankton population dynamics and fish recruitment in marine ecosystems, especially in marginal seas. Jiaozhou Bay in Shandong of China is a semi-closed area severely affected by human activities. This paper continued to provide basic data about spatial and temporal distribution of dominant medusa species nowadays followed paper ?. Species Composition and Community Characteristics in Jiaozhou Bay, and aimed to show how much the medusa community has changed since we entered the 20th century.
Spatial and temporal distribution of dominant medusa species in Jiaozhou Bay is analyzed based on zooplankton samples collected by 50cm diameter net (mesh size 500μm) from May 2003 to September 2004.
As far as seasonal variation of abundance was concerned, Clytia hemisphaerica, as dominant species with the maximum dominance in one month, peaked twice over one year in June and September 2003 (or August 2004). Its abundance was the maximum 29.5 ind/m3 in June 2003, accounting for 47.2% of total medusa abundance at the same month, and 17.9 (6.9) ind/m3 in September 2003 (August 2004), accounting for 24.2% (49.1%) of total medusa abundance. Two abundance peaks of Obelia sp. appeared over one year in September (August) and April. Its abundance was the maximum 12.9 ind/m3 in September 2003, accounting for 17.4% of total medusa abundance, and 4.7 ind/m3 in April 2004, accounting for 93.1% of total medusa abundance. The maximum abundance of Muggiaea atlantica was 28.8 ind/m3 in September. 2003, accounting for 38.7% abundance of total medusa species. The abundance of Rathkea octopunctata was as high as 64.7 and 118.0 ind/m3 in February and March, accounting for 99.5% and 98.0% of total medusa abundance at the same month. As far as the less dominant species, Proboscidactyla flavicirrata, Eutima japonica, Lovenella assimilis, Phialumcium mbenga, Eirene ceylonensis, were concerned, their abundance varied with corresponding month they sporadically appeared, and can not be described with one rule.
As for spatial distribution of these dominant species abundance, this study also showed that the distribution pattern of different dominant species changed monthly. Generally, they inclined to distribute in the inner, west, and northeast parts of Jiaozhou Bay, the coast of port and the Huangdao area, i. e. these areas are the distribution center of them. The influence of ecotype of dominant species and environmental factors, such as temperature, salinity, ocean current, zooplankton distribution, and aquiculture activities, on spatial and temporal distribution of dominant medusa species were discussed. |
| Key words: Jiaozhou Bay, Medusae, Dominant species, Abundance, Distribution |
