| 摘要: |
| 应用微卫星 DNA 技术对野生刺参和两代选育刺参群体遗传多样性进行了研究。 9 对微卫星引物在三个刺参群体中共扩增获得43个等位基因, 每个微卫星座位检测到的等位基因数为2—7个。三个群体的观测杂合度的平均值分别为 0.6556、0.6704 和 0.6148, 多态信息含量平均值分别为0.6654、0.5929 和 0.5275。结果表明, 与野生群体相比, 选育刺参两代群体存在杂合度降低, 遗传多样性下降的现象。Hardy-Weinberg 平衡的卡方检验及 F-检验数据显示 |
| 关键词: 刺参, 微卫星, 遗传结构, 野生群体, 选育群体, 遗传分化, 遗传距离 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201103007007 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:山东省良种工程项目“速生抗病耐高温刺参良种选育”, 2008—2011; 山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金(博士基金)项目, 2008BS06004号; 山东省自然科学基金项目, ZR2011CM036号; 山东省科技攻关项目 “海参新品系选育及构建” , 2008GG10005023号。 |
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| GENETIC VARIATIONS OF WILD AND SELECTIVELY BRED POPULATIONS OF A SEA CUCUMBER APOSTICHOPUS JAPONICUS |
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SUN Xiao-De1,2, SUN Guo-Hua1, YUAN Ting-Zhu3, YANG Jian-Min1, WANG Wei-Jun1, JI Chong-Long1,2, SONG Zhi-Le4
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1.Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Shandong Province;2.College of Fisheries and Life Science of Shanghai Ocean University;3.Changdao Aquaculture Research Institute;4.Fisheries Technical Extension Station of the Zhifu District of Yantai City
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| Abstract: |
| Genetic diversities of a wild and two generations of selectively bred populations of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas, were examined using the microsatellite DNA techniques. 43 bands of alleles amplified using 9 primers were obtained from these three populations and 2—7 alleles were detected from each microsatellite locus. Average observed heterozygosities (Ho) of these populations were 0.7164, 0.6486 and 0.5968, respectively; and the average values of polymorphism information content were 0.6654, 0.5929 and 0.5275, respectively. The results showed that the heterozygosities of two generations of selectively bred A. japonicus were reduced, compared with the wild population, and genetic diversity declined as the breeding generations increased. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium chi-square test and F-test data showed that selective breeding had changed the genetic structure of the populations, including decreased heterozygous sites, increased loci deviated from the equilibrium, and decreased coefficient of genetic differentiation between the adjacent generations. FST value (0.0443) suggested the breeding population had weak genetic differentiation and illustrated that the main genetic variation existed among individuals within population rather than between populations. Genetic distance and genetic identity indicated that divergence became smaller with increasing breeding generations and the genetic similarity between the adjacent generations became greater, even though they had not reached the theoretical value, thus it was still suitable for further selective breeding. |
| Key words: Apostichopus japonicus, Microsatellite, Genetic structure, Wild population, Selection-breeding population, Genetic differentiation, Genetic distance |
