| 摘要: |
| 为解决现有海水增养殖区水环境评价方法中不能将营养盐匮乏、养殖状况恶劣等极端状况区分，导致评价结论与养殖实际环境不符的问题，本方法引入了环境容许值概念，将海水指标划分为污染型、区间型及洁净型三种类型，分别确定不同指标的评价标准、最小和最大容许值，将监测数据归一化无量纲处理后，以最劣的单因子质量指数作为该养殖区综合质量指数判定标准，据此将评价区域环境质量划分为优秀、良好、一般及较差四个等级。本文利用建立的海水增养殖区水环境质量综合评价指标和评价模型对山东省8个海水增养殖区进行了实例验证，结果表明：将DIN及PO4作为区间型指标，而非传统意义上的污染指标，能够识别出海区的首要环境问题，解决了由于单一营养盐参数评价为引起海区富营养化而掩盖了其他营养盐匮乏的实际养殖问题；建立的最劣值为主、平均值为辅的计算方法，避免了"劣势掩盖"及"信息漏缺"问题；提出的指标容许值概念的应用避免了极限监测值对评价结果的放大影响。 |
| 关键词: 增养殖区 水质评价 营养盐 评价标准 环境容许值 环境质量指数 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20170700199 |
| 分类号:X55 |
| 基金项目:海水综合评价项目，DOMEP（MEA）-02号；山东省科技发展计划，2014GSF11703号；山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目，2017—2019。 |
|
| THE ASSESSMENT METHOD OF SEA WATER ENVIRONMENT ON MARICULTURE ZONES BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL PERMISSIBLE VALUE |
|
LIU Ai-Ying, MA Yuan-Qing, YU Guang-Lei, HE Jian-Long, CHENG Ling, WANG Yue-Xia, SONG Xiu-Kai
|
|
Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Yantai 264006, China
|
| Abstract: |
| The current assessment method of seawater environment quality used usually gets inconsistency evaluation conclusions with the actual mariculture environment as it cannot distinguish extreme conditions such as nutrient deficiency and adverse aquaculture situation. In this study, the concept of environment permissible value was introduced, and indices of seawater quality were divided into three types, pollution, interval, and clean. Additionally, evaluation criteria, and the minimum/maximum permissible value of each index were determined. After normalized and nondimensional process of the data from monitoring stations, the minimum single factor quality index was used as the comprehensive quality index. Based on comprehensive quality indices, the regional environmental quality of mariculture zones were divided into four levels including excellent, good, average and bad. Furthermore, the developed evaluation model and comprehensive evaluation indicator system were applied to eight mariculture zones in Shandong province. The results showed that DIN and PO4 used as interval rather than pollution index could discover the primary environmental problems in the reality of marine aquaculture, and the calculation method established using the worst value as the primary index and mean value as the supplemental index could avoid disadvantage concealment and information omissions. Therefore, the use of permissible value of indices could avoid the overestimation of limit value-based assessment method effectively. |
| Key words: mariculture zone water quality assessment nutrients evaluating standard environment permissible value environmental quality grade |
