| 摘要: |
| 本文通过实验室水槽实验，讨论内孤立波经过凹陷地形的演化过程。实验在两层流体中进行，上下水层的厚度和密度被定量地控制，改变凹陷地形的宽度，并对每种地形分别进行了不同分层结构下具有不同初始振幅的内孤立波对照实验，研究内孤立波与凹陷地形的作用过程。研究发现，本文实验环境下凹型内孤立波实验波形与mKdV（Korteweg-de Vries）理论波形更符合；而上凸型内孤立波实验，当非线性参数ε ≤ 0.22时，KdV理论波形与实验波形符合较好，当非线性参数ε ≥ 0.27时，mKdV理论与实验波形符合较好。下凹型内孤立波经凹陷地形过程中波形变化轻微，主波振幅有先减小后增大的趋势，且障碍比越大，变化趋势越明显。本实验结果可作为研究海洋中内孤立波与海底凹陷地形作用情况的参考。 |
| 关键词: 两层流体 内波 地形 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20190400067 |
| 分类号:P731.24 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金，41576021号。 |
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| EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CANYON TOPOGRAPHY IMPACT ON INTERNAL SOLITARY WAVE |
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DU Yan-Bing1, WANG Cai-Xia1, SU Meng2
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1.Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;2.Yantai Marine Environment Monitoring Central Station of State Oceanic Administration, Yantai 264000, China
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| Abstract: |
| To simulate the evolution of internal solitary wave of depression type propagating over a canyon, we conducted an experiment in two-layered fluid in which the thickness and density of the upper and lower layer were controlled quantitatively. By changing the width of the canyon topography, the action of the internal solitary wave is decomposed, and different initial amplitudes under different layered structures are simulated for different terrains. The results show that, the tail of waveform tilted up slightly, the amplitude decreases and then increases when it propagates over a terrain, and the larger the obstacle ratio, the more obvious the changes. The results can be used as a reference for studying the effects of solitary waves and submarine depressions in the ocean. |
| Key words: two-layer fluid internal waves topography |
