| 摘要: |
| 为研究凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）与缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）生态循环养殖过程中浮游植物群落结构及其与水质因子变化特征之间的相关性，本实验于2018年6月至11月在宁波市鄞州区椿霖养殖场对虾蛏循环养殖池塘中水质及浮游植物的动态开展了逐月采样监测，分析了养虾塘与养蛏塘中的浮游植物群落结构变化及水质因子变动。结果显示：（1）对虾养殖期间共鉴定出6个门101种浮游植物（包含9个未定种），从种的数量上来看，硅藻门 > 甲藻门 > 绿藻门 > 蓝藻门 > 裸藻门 > 隐藻门，其中包含优势种14种，养殖初期优势种为硅藻门的新月菱形藻（Nitzschia closteriu）、牟氏角毛藻（Chaetoceros muelleri）等，随后甲藻门的海洋原甲藻（Prorocentrum micans）和绿藻门的小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）等逐渐占据优势，后期仍以硅藻门为主要优势种。（2）浮游植物的丰度介于6.8×105-2.5×108cell/L，生物量为2.04-65.72mg/L，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.34-2.56，均匀度指数范围为0.43-0.72，多样性水平较高，物种分布的均匀度较好。（3）对浮游植物群落结构与水质因子进行CCA分析后得到硅藻门种群变化主要与温度、盐度、pH密切相关（P<0.05）；绿藻门种群优势受氮含量（总氮、亚硝酸盐氮、氨氮）的影响较大；而甲藻门、蓝藻门种类则与磷含量（总磷、活性磷）与温度相关。 |
| 关键词: 凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) 缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta) 浮游植物 水质因子 循环养殖 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20191100231 |
| 分类号:Q178.1;S968 |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目，CARS-47号；浙江省重大科技专项，2019C02057号；宁波市科技攻关项目，2017C110003号。 |
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| RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON STRUCTURE AND WATER QUALITY FACTORS IN CULTURE PONDS OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI AND SINONOVACULA CONSTRICTA |
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LUO Yun-Hui1, LI Lai-Guo2, ZHAO Chun-Pu1, WANG Dan-Li1, XU Shan-Liang1,3, XU Ji-Lin1,3
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1.School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;2.Yinzhou Zhanqi Chunlin Aquatic Farm, Ningbo 315145, China;3.Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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| Abstract: |
| To understand the relationships between water quality and phytoplankton community structure in ecological recycling culture of Litopenaeus vannamei and Sinonovacula constricta, the water quality was tested and the changes of phytoplankton community structure were analyzed from June 2018 to November 2018 in an aquaculture farm in Yinzhou District, Ningbo, and then the relationships between phytoplankton community structure and water quality factors were analyzed. Results show that 6 phyla and 101 species (including 9 unnamed species) were identified, i.e., in descendent order in the number of species:Bacillariophyta > Pyrrophyta > Chlorophyta > Euglenophyta > Cyanophyta > Chrysophyta > Xanthophyta. Among them, 14 species (including 1 unnamed species) were dominant species, the dominant species was Bacillariophyta in the early stage of culture, and then the dominant species were Dinoflagella and Chlorophyta, and finally diatom was still the main Bacillariophyta species. The density of zooplankton ranged from 6.8×105-2.5×108 cell/L, the biomass was 2.04-65.72mg/L, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 1.34-2.56, the evenness index was 0.43-0.72, indicating high diversity level and even species distribution. As shown in CCA analysis, the species of Bacillariophyta were mainly affected by temperature, salinity, and pH; the species of Chlorophyta were mainly affected by nitrogen content (including total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrous nitrogen); and the species of Pyrrophyta and Cyanophyta were mainly affected by phosphorus content (including total phosphorus, active phosphorus) and temperature. |
| Key words: Litopenaeus vannamei Sinonovacula constricta phytoplankton water quality factors recycling culture |
