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| 我国裸胸鳝属鱼类新记录种——奥迪萨裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax odishi)形态与线粒体基因组分析 |
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梁日深1,2,3, 何浩斌1,2,3, 郜梓涵2, 张景琪2, 朱梓锋2, 陈厚桦4, 周萌1,2,3, 黄燕华1,2,3, 张凯5
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1.仲恺农业工程学院健康养殖创新研究院 广东广州 510225;2.仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院 广东广州 510225;3.广东省水环境与水产品安全工程技术研究中心 广东广州 510225;4.华南农业大学海洋学院 广东广州 510642;5.深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院 广东深圳 518060
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| 摘要: |
| 为完善我国裸胸鳝属鱼类物种信息,研究报道了采集于海南省陵水县裸胸鳝属鱼类新记录种——奥迪萨裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax odishi)。该物种仅于2018年在东印度孟加拉湾首次发现, 目前世界其他海域均无记录。针对采集的奥迪萨裸胸鳝进行详细的外部形态特征分析, 并从分子水平对该裸胸鳝进行线粒体全基因组测序。结果显示, 奥迪萨裸胸鳝主要特征为体型粗壮, 体棕褐色, 吻端至鳃孔区域分布橘黄色斑点, 眼睛后缘存在黑色斑块, 鳃孔边缘黑色, 身体无其他条带或斑纹; 上颌齿、中央齿均单行, 下颌齿两行, 椎骨式为4-52-135。线粒体基因组方面, 奥迪萨裸胸鳝线粒体全长为16 580 bp, 由13个蛋白编码基因、22个tRNA基因、2个rRNA基因和1个非编码控制区组成, 基因组结构特征与其他脊椎动物相似。基于12个蛋白编码基因构建的海鳝科鱼类分子系统进化树上, 奥迪萨裸胸鳝与匀斑裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax reevesii)、淡网纹裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax pseudothyrsoideus)、疏条纹裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax reticularis)及小裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax minor)聚在一起; 基于COI基因构建的裸胸鳝属鱼类分子系统进化树, 奥迪萨裸胸鳝与匀斑裸胸鳝、淡网纹裸胸鳝、肝色裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax hepaticus)及黄纹裸胸鳝(Gymnothorax monochrous)等聚为一支。遗传距离方面, 奥迪萨裸胸鳝与目前世界上其他裸胸鳝的遗传距离范围为0.082~0.263,均大于最小物种鉴定遗传距离0.020,揭示奥迪萨裸胸鳝在形态与分子水平均为区别于其他裸胸鳝的独立物种。研究结果表明我国海域也有奥迪萨裸胸鳝分布, 为新记录种, 为我国裸胸鳝属鱼类的系统分类及物种名录更新提供分类基础。 |
| 关键词: 奥迪萨裸胸鳝 新记录种 形态特征 线粒体基因组 系统进化 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230900181 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:清远市科技计划项目,2022KJJH064号;广东省农村科技特派员驻镇帮扶项目,KTP20210367号。 |
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| MORPHOLOGAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME OF GYMNOTHORAX ODISHI, A NEW-RECORD GYMNOTHORAX SPECIES OF CHINA |
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LIANG Ri-Shen1,2,3, HE Hao-Bin1,2,3, GAO Zi-Han2, ZHANG Jing-Qi2, ZHU Zi-Feng2, CHEN Hou-Hua4, ZHOU Meng1,2,3, HUANG Yan-Hua1,2,3, ZHANG Kai5
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1.Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China;2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China;3.Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510225, China;4.College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;5.The College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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| Abstract: |
| To enrich the species information of genus Gymnothorax, we reported a new-record species of the genus Gymnothorax—Gymnothorax odishi that was collected from Lingshui County, Hainan Province, South China. This species was first discovered along the east coast of India, Bay of Bengal in 2018 and had no record in other area worldwide. Detail morphological characterizations of the new-record species are described here, and the complete mitochondrial genome were determined for molecular identification and phylogenetic construction. The distinguishable characteristics of G. odishi are: body stout, uniform brown, with small black patches behind eyes, dark rim at gill opening, and numerous small orange spots distributed from snout to the gill opening. Maxillary teeth and median intermaxillary teeth are uniserial, dentary teeth biserial, and the mean vertebral formula is 4-52-135. The complete mitogenome sequence of G. odishi was determined to be 16 580 bp in length, typically consisting 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 non-coding region. Genome organization and arrangement are identical to those of other vertebrates. The phylogenetic relationship of the Muraenidae species based on 12 protein-coding genes and Gymnothorax species based on COI genes were constructed to recover the phylogenetic status of G. odishi. In the molecular phylogenetic trees of Muraenidae species constructed from 12 protein-coding genes, G. odishi is tightly clustered with Gymnothorax reevesii and Gymnothorax pseudothyrsoideus. In the phylogenetic tree of Gymnothorax species constructed from COI gene, G. odishi is closely related to G. pseudothyrsoideus, G. reevesii, Gymnothorax hepaticus, and Gymnothorax monochrous. By the COI genetic distance analysis, the distance values between G. odishi and other Gymnothorax species range from 0.082 to 0.263, which are greater than the minimum species identification value of 0.020, revealing that G. odishi is a distinct species at both morphological and molecular level. In addition, this G. odishi is distributed in the coastal area of China and has been recognized as a new recorded species, which provided the taxonomic basis for systematic classification and species list updating of Gymnothorax species of China. |
| Key words: Gymnothorax odishi new-record species morphological characteristics mitochondrial genome phylogenetic evolution |
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