引用本文:	钟凯乐,宋小含,段德麟,胡自民.中国黄渤海真江蓠(Agarophyton vermiculophyllum)群体遗传多样性研究[J].海洋科学,2020,44(12):23-31.

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*中国黄渤海真江蓠(Agarophyton vermiculophyllum)群体遗传多样性研究*
钟凯乐^1,2,3, 宋小含^1,2,3, 段德麟^1,2, 胡自民^1,2
1.中国科学院海洋研究所海洋大科学研究中心实验海洋生物学重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

摘要:

真江蓠是原产于西北太平洋的重要经济红藻。我们利用10对微卫星引物检测中国黄渤海地区真江蓠的群体遗传多样性和结构。10个微卫星位点在12个群体中共检测到65个等位基因，每个位点的等位基因（N_a）为1~28，有效等位基因（N_e）为1.0~9.6。每个群体的平均等位基因（N_a）、平均有效等位基因（N_e）、平均香浓指数（I）、平均观察杂合度（H_o）和平均预期杂合度（H_e）分别为2.4、1.6、0.419、0.133和0.227，显示较低的群体遗传多样性。中国黄渤海12个真江蓠群体间遗传分化较大（F_st=0.398 7），基因流有限（N_m=0.377 1），近交系数为正（F_is=0.391 3，F_it=0.634 0），表明可能存在近交和杂合子缺失现象。Structure和UPGMA系统进化分析一致将12个群体分为两个遗传组，并在黑石礁群体（HS）和石岛群体（SD）中发现明显的遗传混杂现象。AMOVA分析显示遗传变异主要来自于群体内（73.27%）。该研究可为黄渤海地区真江蓠自然资源保护和管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 真江蓠(Agarophyton vermiculophyllum) 微卫星遗传多样性基因流黄渤海

DOI：10.11759/hykx20200328001

分类号:Q347

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41761144057，31971395）

Population genetic diversity of the red alga Agarophyton vermiculophyllum (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in the Yellow-Bohai Sea

ZHONG Kai-le^1,2,3, SONG Xiao-han^1,2,3, DUAN De-lin^1,2, HU Zi-min^1,2

1.Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Abstract:

Agarophyton vermiculophyllum is one of the most economically important red algae native to the northwest Pacific. We surveyed the population genetic diversity and the structure of A. vermiculophyllum in the Yellow-Bohai Sea using 10 microsatellites. These microsatellites detected 65 alleles among 12 populations. The number of alleles (N_a) varied from 1 to 28, and the number of effective alleles (N_e) varied from 1.0 to 9.6. The average number of alleles (N_a), the average number of effective alleles (N_e), the average Shannon's diversity index (I), the average observed heterozygosity (H_o), and the average expected heterozygosity (H_e) were 2.4, 1.6, 0.419, 0.133, and 0.227, respectively, indicating a low population genetic diversity. There was a high genetic differentiation among the 12 A. vermiculophyllum populations (F_st=0.398 7) and a limited gene flow (N_m=0.377 1). The average inbreeding coefficient was positive (F_is=0.391 3, F_it=0.634 0), which indicates inbreeding and heterozygotic deletion. Structure analysis and UPGMA tree analysis consistently divided the 12 populations into two genetic groups, and obvious genetic mixing was found in the Heishijiao, Dalian and Shi Island, Weihai populations. Analysis of molecular variation showed that the genetic variation in the Yellow-Bohai Sea mainly occurred at the intra-population level (73.27%). This study may provide a scientific basis for the conservation of natural resources and management of A. vermiculophyllum in the Yellow-Bohai Sea.

Key words: Agarophyton vermiculophyllum microsatellite genetic diversity gene flow Yellow-Bohai Sea