引用本文:	刘田,李硕,汪铭书,赵立宁,黄锦炉,吴艺琳,贾爱卿.口服卵黄抗体对杂交鳢弹状病毒(HSHRV)感染的免疫保护效果[J].海洋科学,2024,48(8):10-16.

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口服卵黄抗体对杂交鳢弹状病毒(HSHRV)感染的免疫保护效果
刘田^1,2,3, 李硕², 汪铭书³, 赵立宁², 黄锦炉², 吴艺琳², 贾爱卿²
1.农业农村部微生态资源养殖利用企业重点实验室, 广东广州 511400;2.广东海大集团股份有限公司畜牧水产研究中心, 广东广州 511400;3.四川农业大学预防兽医研究所, 四川成都 611100

摘要:

为了研究抗杂交鳢弹状病毒(hybrid snakehead rhabdovirus, HSHRV)卵黄抗体的制备方法并评价其免疫保护效果, 将杂交鳢弹状病毒经白油乳化制备疫苗, 免疫蛋鸡收集高免蛋, 采用喷雾干燥方法制备成卵黄抗体粉, 以细胞中和试验评估卵黄抗体中和病毒的效果。按照每kg鱼投喂卵黄抗体0.25 g、0.40 g、0.60 g的比例制备低、中、高3种添加剂量的饲料, 持续投喂杂交鳢10 d, 在口服免疫第4天时以10⁴ TCID₅₀/0.1mL的杂交鳢弹状病毒江门I株(HSHRV-JMI)病毒经腹腔注射对杂交鳢进行攻毒, 并记录6 d内各组死亡情况。结果显示, 四次免疫后卵黄抗体中和效价达到高峰, 为1∶4^6.8,抗体维持时间为60 d。高中低剂量组的存活率分别为64.4%、70.6%、78.5%; 相对保护率分别为61.1%、67.9%、76.5%, 三者均显著高于非特异性卵黄抗体对照组(P<0.001)。表明杂交鳢弹状病毒能有效刺激卵黄抗体产生, 高效价卵黄抗体经口服免疫后可以有效抑制杂交鳢弹状病毒的侵染, 显著提高杂交鳢存活率和相对保护率。

关键词: 杂交鳢弹状病毒(HSHRV) 卵黄抗体口服免疫中和效价免疫保护效果

DOI：10.11759/hykx20230627002

分类号:S942;Q955;S965

基金项目:2023年乡村振兴战略专项-农业科技发展及资源环境保护管理项目(2023KJ115)

Immunoprotective effect of oral yolk antibody against hybrid snakehead rhabdovirus

LIU Tian^1,2,3, LI Shuo², WANG Mingshu³, ZHAO Lining², HUANG Jinlu², WU Yilin², JIA Aiqing²

1.Key Laboratory of Microecological Resources and Utilization in Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 511400, China;2.Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Center of Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511400, China;3.Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China

Abstract:

To investigate the preparation method and evaluate the immune protective effect of egg yolk antibodies against hybrid snakehead rhabdovirus (HSHRV), a vaccine with a white oil adjuvant was prepared. Eggs from immunized laying hens were collected and sprayed to prepare egg yolk antibody powder. The neutralization effect of the egg yolk antibody against the virus was evaluated using a cell neutralization test. Three kinds of immune feed were prepared by adding egg yolk antibody at doses of 0.25, 0.4, and 0.6 g per kg of fish. Snakehead hybrids were fed the immune diet for 10 days and challenged with an intraperitoneal injection on the 4th day. Deaths in each group were recorded for 6 days. The results showed that the neutralization titer of the yolk antibody peaked at 1∶4^6.8 after four immunizations, with an antibody maintenance period of 60 days. The survival rates for the high, middle, and low dose groups were 64.4%, 70.6%, and 78.5%, respectively, with relative protection rates of 61.1%, 67.9%, and 76.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the non-specific yolk antibody control group (P < 0.001). These results indicate that the neutralization antibody production can be effectively stimulated by HSHRV. Oral immunization with high-titer egg yolk antibodies could effectively inhibit HSHRV infection and significantly improve the survival and relative protection rates of snakehead hybrids.

Key words: hybrid snakehead rhabdovirus egg yolk antibody oral immunization neutralizing titer immunoprotective effect