| 摘要: |
| 骨骼是鱼类的重要器官。为探究硬骨鱼类和软骨鱼类骨骼系统的异同及鱼类骨骼演化过程,本研究采用X光射线和CT扫描技术,对黄带拟鲹(Pseudocaranx dentex)和星云扁鲨(Squatina nebulosa)的骨骼系统进行了观察与比较分析。结果表明,二者的内骨骼均可分为中轴骨和附肢骨;星云扁鲨的骨骼整体矿化程度较低,脑颅没有大块膜质骨片覆盖,仅由一整块软颅构成;黄带拟鲹的胸鳍支鳍骨有4块,而星云扁鲨有3块,较少的基鳍骨数量代表其更接近有颌类祖先的骨骼特征;此外,在黄带拟鲹尾柄处观察到对称分布有高度钙化的侧线鳞,推测可能与其运动行为相关。本研究丰富了海洋鱼类形态解剖学的基础资料,也为理解鱼类骨骼系统的适应性演化提供了信息。 |
| 关键词: 膜质骨 矿化软骨 形态解剖学 骨骼演化 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20250911001 |
| 分类号:S968 |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划(2022LZGC016) |
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| Comparative study of the skeletal system anatomies of the white trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) and the clouded angelshark (Squatina nebulosa) |
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GAO Guang1, LI Xin2, ZHANG Jiawei3, SHAO Guangbin3, WANG Yanfeng2, JIANG Keyong2, XIAO Zhizhong2
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1.School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China;2.CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic CO., LTD, Laizhou 261400, China
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| Abstract: |
| As the skeleton is a crucial organ in fish, to understand its evolution, we explored the similarities and differences among the skeletal systems of Osteichthyans and Chondrichthyans. This study utilized X-rays and CT scanning to observe and document the skeletal systems of the white trevally (Pseudocaranx dentex) and the clouded angelshark (Squatina nebulosa). The endoskeleton of the two species can be divided into axial and appendicular elements. In S. nebulosa, the skeleton was generally less mineralized, and the neurocranium was composed solely of a cartilaginous structure and lacked a large dermal bone. Moreover, P. dentex possessed four basipterygia in its pectoral fins, whereas S. nebulosa exhibited only three, a condition more similar to that of early-jawed vertebrates. In addition, symmetrically arranged, highly calcified lateral-line scales were observed on the caudal peduncle of P. dentex, which may be related to its locomotive behavior. In conclusion, this study enriches the fundamental data on the skeletal anatomy of marine fish and provides novel insights into the evolutionary development of the fish endoskeleton. |
| Key words: dermal bone mineralized cartilage morphological anatomy skeletal evolution |
