| 引用本文: | 刘子瑜,栾佳颐,马爱军,闫鹏飞,商晓梅,孙志宾,高云衣,赵艳飞,王新安.不同温度、盐度下日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)对四种海洋微藻的摄食行为研究[J].海洋科学,2025,49(10):64-78. |
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| 不同温度、盐度下日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)对四种海洋微藻的摄食行为研究 |
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刘子瑜1,2, 栾佳颐1, 马爱军2, 闫鹏飞2, 商晓梅1, 孙志宾2, 高云衣2, 赵艳飞3, 王新安2
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1.天津科技大学天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室, 天津 300457;2.海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 中国-东盟海水养殖技术"一带一路"联合实验室(青岛), 山东 青岛 266071;3.广东省农业技术推广中心, 广东 广州 510500
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| 摘要: |
| 日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)因其优良的营养特性, 在水产动物育苗领域极具开发价值与应用前景。日本虎斑猛水蚤对培养条件较为敏感, 在大规模培养时, 其产量受限, 难以满足大规模水产育苗需求, 因此精确控制培养条件对维持其生长和繁殖至关重要。为了优化培养条件, 观察比较了15℃、20 ℃、25 ℃、30 ℃四个温度及15、25、30、35四个盐度下,日本虎斑猛水蚤对青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolandica)、三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)、球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)、普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)四种海洋微藻在0.5、1.0、1.5、2.5、5 μgC/mL等5个碳含量水平的摄食行为。结果显示, 日本虎斑猛水蚤对四种微藻的滤食率、清滤率和摄食率均在25 ℃时达到峰值,适宜温度范围为25~30 ℃。在盐度条件为30时, 日本虎斑猛水蚤的摄食率普遍达到最高水平。摄食行为在饵料碳浓度2.5~5.0 μgC/mL范围内表现最佳, 摄食率峰值出现在2.5 μgC/mL。日本虎斑猛水蚤对4种微藻表现出明显的摄食选择性, 其偏好程度由高至低依次为: 青岛大扁藻、球等鞭金藻、普通小球藻、三角褐指藻, 其最适饵料的等效球直径(ESD)约为21.3 μm。研究结果表明日本虎斑猛水蚤在25 ℃、30盐度及2.5 μgC/mL碳浓度下对4种海洋微藻摄食能力最强, 且青岛大扁藻为优势饵料, 为其人工培养提供了实验依据。 |
| 关键词: 日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus) 海洋微藻 摄食行为 摄食碳占体碳比值 温度 盐度 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20251029001 |
| 分类号:S917 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发项目(2022YFE0203900); 广东省现代化海洋牧场适养品种核心技术攻关项目(NJTG-20250402); 国家自然科学基金项目(42206087); 天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室开放基金资助项目(202301)国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400403); 现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-47-G01); 中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2023TD26) |
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| Optimal feeding behavior of Tigriopus japonicus with four marine microalgae at different carbon contents, temperatures, and salinity levels |
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LIU Ziyu1,2, LUAN Jiayi1, MA Aijun2, YAN Pengfei2, SHANG Xiaomei1, SUN Zhibin2, GAO Yunyi2, ZHAO Yanfei3, WANG Xin'an2
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1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China;3.Guangdong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Guangzhou 510500, China
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| Abstract: |
| Tigriopus japonicus is a high-quality live feed organism with great potential for application in aquaculture. However, T. japonicus is sensitive to culture conditions, and large-scale cultivation remains challenging resulting in limited production that cannot meet the needs of intensive aquaculture. Therefore, an accurate control of culture conditions is essential to maintain its growth and reproduction. To optimize the cultivation conditions, the feeding behavior of T. japonicus regarding four marine microalgae—Platymonas helgolandica, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Isochrysis galbana, and Chlorella vulgaris—was observed under varied conditions. These include five carbon contents: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, and 5 μg C/mL; under four temperatures: 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, and 30℃; and four salinity levels: 15, 25, 30, and 35 psu. The grazing, clearance, and ingestion rates of T. japonicus concerning the four microalgae peaked at 25℃; the suitable temperature range was 25℃-30℃. The feeding ability was generally optimal at salinity 30. The feeding behavior was the best in the range of 2.5-5.0 μgC/mL, with a peak at 2.5 μgC/mL. The feeding preference was P. helgolandica > I. galbana > C. vulgaris > P. tricornutum, and the optimal equivalent spherical diameter of the feed was ~21.3 μm. Thus, the feeding behavior of T. japonicus with four marine microalgae was the best at 25℃, 30 salinity, and 2.5 μgC/mL carbon. P. helgolandica was selected as the ideal feed, which provided an experimental basis for the artificial culture of T. japonicus. |
| Key words: Tigriopus japonicus marine microalgae feeding behavior the ratio of carbon intake to body carbon temperature salinity |
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