| 摘要: |
| 多鳞虫科(Polynoidae)作为环节动物门(Annelida)多毛纲(Polychaeta)叶须虫目(Phyllodocida)中物种多样性最高的类群之一(约900种、160余属、20亚科),是深海大型底栖生物中的优势类群,无论在化能合成环境还是普通沉积环境,多鳞虫科均表现出高多样性,且新物种比例达50%。该科物种与珊瑚(Anthozoa)、海绵(Porifera)等生物存在广泛的共生关系。其分类学研究历经长期发展,早期基于形态学数据建立的高阶分类单元(亚科、属)存在主观性,多数类群未经系统发育学验证;近年分子系统发育研究修订了部分类群(Macellicephalinae亚科整合多个深海亚科),但Polynoinae亚科(多鳞虫亚科)等类群的单系性仍存疑,需整合形态与分子数据构建更自然的分类框架。共生作为多鳞虫的重要生态特征,包含寄生、共栖、互利共生等类型,可能驱动了多鳞虫与宿主间的协同演化及适应性性状(钩状刚毛)形成,然而共生关系的具体生态功能及演化机制(宿主选择、适应性辐射驱动因素)尚不明确。作为研究多毛类深海适应的模式类群,多鳞虫的系统发育与生态功能研究仍需更全面的数据支撑,以深化对深海生物多样性及演化的理解。 |
| 关键词: 多鳞虫科(Polynoidae) 深海生物多样性 分类学 系统发育 共生关系 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20250930002 |
| 分类号:Q959.192 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题项目(2024YFC2814401);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42476108) |
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| Progress in taxonomy and symbiotic evolution research of the family Polynoidae from the deep sea |
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WANG Yueyun1,2, WANG Chunsheng1,2, ZHANG Dongsheng1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience, Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou 310012, China
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| Abstract: |
| The Polynoidae, one of the most diverse families within the order Phyllodocida of the phylum Annelida, comprises more than 160 genera and 20 subfamilies, with approximately 900 species. It represents a dominant component of deep-sea macrobenthic communities, exhibiting remarkable species richness in both chemosynthetic and typical sedimentary environments, with estimates suggesting that up to 50% of collected specimens could represent novel species. Polynoids also engage in widespread symbiotic relationships with corals, sponges, and other marine organisms. Taxonomic studies of the Polynoidae have evolved over a long period. Initially, higher-rank classifications (e.g., subfamilies and genera) relied heavily on morphological characteristics, which are often subjective, with many groups lacking phylogenetic validation. In recent years, molecular phylogeny has enabled the reclassification of certain groups; for instance, the Macellicephalinae subfamily now incorporates several previously distinct subfamilies isolated from the deep sea. However, the monophyly of certain groups, such as the Polynoinae subfamily, remains uncertain. Therefore, integrating morphological and molecular data is essential to establish a more realistic and robust classification system. Symbiosis, a key ecological trait of polynoids, encompasses a range of interactions, including parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism. These interactions may have driven the co-evolution of polynoids and their hosts, as well as the development of adaptive features (e.g., hook-shaped chaetae). Despite their ecological importance, the evolutionary mechanisms underlying such symbiotic relationships—including host choice and adaptive radiation—remain poorly understood. As model polychaetes for studying deep-sea adaptability, further phylogenetic and ecological research, supported by comprehensive datasets, is essential to advance our understanding of deep-sea biodiversity and its associated evolutionary processes. |
| Key words: Polynoidae deep-sea biodiversity taxonomy phylogeny symbiotic relationship |
